外研社book3Grammar课件.ppt

Module 4 Fine Arts – Western, Chinese and Pop Arts;Grammar ;The function of the infinitive;不定式;不定式在句中作目的状语，常译成“为了”。不定式一般放在被修饰词之后，但为了强调目的也可放在句首。为了加强语气，不定式前还可加上in order或so as, 即构成短语：in order to , so as to 。;We should do whatever we can to help them. We got up early in order to catch the school bus. We took an umbrella so as not to get wet.;不定式在句中作宾语： 能以不定式作宾语的动词有很多，如：agree, aim, attempt, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, seem, try, start, want, wish等。;Pop art aimed to show ordinary twentieth-century city life. I hope to see you again. He decided to take part in the sports meet in the end.;注意： 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，它的否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 He came to school by taxi this morning so as not to be late again.;2. 有些动词常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语，例如：teach, remember, advise, show, know, forget, learn, understand, see, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等。 Can you tell me how to get to the station? They haven’t decided when to leave so far.;Read the sentences below and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).;Suggested answers (P 35) ① The verbs that can be followed by the-ing form：??? like，enjoy，hate，dislike，love ② The verbs that can be followed by the infinitive：??? like，decide，hope，agree，hate，love，plan，refuse，aim，attempt，promise，learn; ;; Eating too much is bad for your health. His job is selling computers. She likes reading newspaper after supper . He may be in the reading room.;动词的-ing形式;动词-ing形式作主语;动词-ing形式作表语;动词-ing形式作介词宾语;动词-ing形式作状语时常表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状态。 动词-ing形式的完成式用“having + 过去分词”表示，它所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，在句中主要表示时间和原因。;Having worked there for thirty years, Haydn moved to London. Having turned off the TV, Tom began to read newspaper. Having been to the Great Wall many times, I didn’t go there yesterday.;注意： 动词的-ing形式作主语，有时也可用于“It is …+ -ing形式”结构。It作形式主语，作真正主语的动词的-ing形式放在句末。 It is no use talking too much. It’s nice talking to you.;2. 不要把作表语的动词-ing形式与进行时态相混淆。 动词-ing形式作表语表示主语的某种特征，而进行时态则表示正在进行的动作。 My favorite sport is skating