第一周教案 翻译.doc

一、Translation concerning negation Aims: to understand the features of Chinese and English as regards negation, the application of negation in the process of translation Key points: the application of negation in the process of translation Difficulties: affirmative in Chinese but negative in English, negative in Chinese but affirmative in English Teaching procedures: Negation being an important conception in one’s expression of thoughts, expressions of negations is to be found in any tongue. This is naturally true of Chinese and English. However, the ways of indicating negation are quite different in the two languages. This frequently causes a lot of trouble to translators, who if not careful enough, would often make mistakes. 1. Features of the two languages as regards negation 1. Both languages have negatives or expressions formed with negatives. In modern Chinese, the much-used negative words are: 不,没,别. These words express three different meanings: 不signifies denial of a statement;没denial of a being or occurrence(,非and 否can be put under this category);别dissuasion or prohibition(甭,勿,and 莫 can be put under this category) The often-used negatives in English are “not”, and “no”, in addition to “nothing”, ”nobody” “none”, “without”, “ neither…nor”, “never”, etc. Chinese negatives are generally capable of producing derivatives, particularly the word 不, 无and 非. Their derivatives are equivalent to English words formed by adding affixes, e.g. 不法unlawful, 不便inconvenient, 无边boundless,非正规irregularsIn English, apart from using negatives to express negation, words with a negative sense can be formed by adding affixes to root words. The affixes thus used are mainly “less” suffix “un” “in”, and “non” However, English words formed with affixes with a negative, while adjective and nouns formed with “un” such as “unavoidable” and “unbelief” are negative, for instance, verbs formed with affixes such as “unclasp” and “uncork” affirmative. ⊙In Chinese, words formed with negatives