第三章 微生物的研究方法.ppt

第3章 微生物的研究方法The Methods for Studying Microorganisms A Microbiology Course by Bo CHEN (e-mail: qqchen36@126.com) CONTENTS (内容) Methods of Culturing Microorganisms: The Five I’s (培养微生物的方法：5个I) (√) The Microscope: Window on an Invisible Realm (显微镜：不可见领域的窗口) (采样) (接种) (培养) (分离) E. coli with the Lux Operon-cultures of bioluminescent bacteria Culture flask after inoculation with transgenic E. Coli and overnight incubation. (检测) (鉴定) Isolation(分离) Colony (菌落) Methods for isolating bacteria ① 划线法 ② 稀释法 ③ 涂布法 菌源区 → 稀释区 → 分离区 Ⅰ→ 分离区Ⅱ Streak for isolation-Staphylococcus aureaus 金黄色葡萄球菌 Rhizobium (Agrobacterium) radiobacter on Columbia Horse Blood Agar-Isolate of Rhizobium radiobacter (formerly Agrobacterium tumefaciens 根瘤农杆菌) Media (培养基) 作用： providing nutrients (提供营养) providing habitats (提供生境) Physical State Chemical Composition Functional Type Liquid (液体培养基) Solid (固体培养基, can be converted to liquid, or can not be liquefied) Semisolid (半固体培养基) Synthetic (化学合成培养基, chemically defined) Nonsynthetic (天然培养基, not chemically defined ) General purpose Enriched Selective Differential Anaerobic growth Specimen transport Liquid media (液体培养基) Solid media (固体培养基) (a) Agar (琼脂, 1.5-2%) media; (b) Nutrient gelatin (明胶, 12% ) Semisolid media (半固体培养基, 琼脂agar, 0.75%) (b) Sulfur indole motility medium Enriched media 加富培养基(blood-added) Comparison of selective (a. 选择培养基) and differential (b. 鉴别培养基) media