L1 what is translation课件.ppt

What’s Translation?;References Eugene A. Nida.?Language,Culture and Translating.上外教.1993 冯庆华.实用翻译教程.上外教.2008(B1) 范仲英.实用翻译教程.外研社.2004(B2) 司显柱.汉译英教程.东华大学出版社.2006 陈宏薇.汉英翻译基础.上外教.1995 ;Requirements;Working Language;Overall Outline;;Outline of L1;Definition of translation;;;;;;Definition 1;Definition 2;Standards of translation; 严复：信达雅--- faithfulness/expressiveness/elegance. The “three character guides” is regarded as a plumb-line(铅垂线） of long standing to measure the professional level of translating. 傅雷：神似（得意忘形） ---spiritual conformity. Emphasizing the reproduction of the spirit of the flavor of the original.强调原作神韵再现。－－形似 . ;;;泰特勒Tyler（英1792）：“翻译三原则”1.译文应完全复写出原作的思想（信）2.译文风格和笔调应原文的性质相同（雅）3.译文应和原作同样流畅（达） 奈达Nida：“读者反应论”－接受者和译文信息之间的关系应该与原文接受者和原文信息之间的关系基本上相同。 等效，等值，对等functional equivalence ; 鲁迅：宁信而不顺---rather to be faithful than smooth。 目的：引入英文句式的表达法 梁实秋、赵景深：宁顺而不信---rather to be smooth than faithful 目的：可读性强，便于交流。 多元互补论:即不同文体的翻译应该有不同的翻译 “忠实”和“通顺”是翻译的基本准则;Methods of translation;Literal translation直译;;;直译不等于死译(dead translation) ;;意译Free translation;直译/意译均可,意译更传神;Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful, nor is it a way to make social problems evaporate. 直：砸镜子不能使丑八怪变漂亮，也不能使社会问题烟消云散。 意：砸镜子并不能解决实际问题。 ;I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my old age. 直：我把青春献给海洋，我回家的时候便把老年给了我的妻子。 意：我把青春献给海洋，等我回到家里见到妻子的时候，已经是白发苍苍。 ;;归化;Functional Equivalence 功能对等;examples;;; 既然你已经错过良机了，振作起来吧.天涯何处无芳草呢.将来有的是机会. Miss the bus 你这是放马后炮.岁月不饶人啊! ;;异化;;;;;音译Transliteration;形译;解???性翻译;;Requirements for a translator;翻译基本素质;Translatability可译性;;History of Chinese translation;;Homework;;Homework;;As far as eye could see, the pool with its winding margin was covered with trim leaves, which rose high out of the water like the flared skirts of dancing girls. And starring these tiers of leaves were white lotus flowers, alluringly open or bashfully in bud, like glimmering pearls, stars in an azure sky, or beauties fresh from the bath. The breeze carried past gusts of