呼吸(英文班和7年制最后稿)课件.ppt

Miao Bing (缪兵) Institute of Physiology Office: 6330 Tel: 83902 E-mail: miaobing@sdu.edu.cn;峰每椰什泅孤惭石胞析贾杭崭袁闽丫预锑迂伯闹尽髓勋毖煌最粟贸抠赣酸呼吸(英文班和7年制最后稿)课件呼吸(英文班和7年制最后稿)课件;An Overview of Key Steps in Respiration;Respiratory System Divisions;Conducting Zone;Respiratory Zone;Airway branching;;Respiration is the process by which the body takes in and utilizes O2 and gets rid of CO2.;Respiration can be divided into four major functional events;Functions of Respiratory System;Outline ;Section 1: Pulmonary Ventilation Pulmonary Ventilation: the inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lung alveoli, which is determined by the activity of the airways, the alveoli and the thoracic cage. Air moves from area of higher pressure to area of lower pressure; Pressure is inversely related to volume.;Important Structures Associated with Pulmonary Ventilation;Airways;Alveoli ;Rrespiratory Membrane (RM);Composition of RM 1. Fluid and surfactant； 2. Epithelial cells of alveoli 3. Basement membrane of alveoli 4. cleft 5. Basement membrane of capillary 6. Endothelial cells of capillary;Thickened RM: pulmonary edema, fibrosis Decreased area of RM: fibrosis, emphysema;Surface Tension and Surface Active Substance (Surfactant);What is Surface Tension ?;Surface Tension in Alveoli;Surface Tension in Alveoli;Collapse;Surfactant Prevents Alveolar Collapse;What is Surfactant? surface-tension-decreasing substances;Surfactant;Examples： Secretion Cells：type II alveolar cells Chemical： DPPC Importances: 1. Enhance the compliance of the lungs 2. Prevent pulmonary edema 3. Stabilize the alveoli;Thorax, Pleural Cavity and Intrapleural Pressure;Thorax;Thoracic Volume;;Pleural cavity： the airtight and potential cavity formed by the visceral and parietal pleura. It is filled with pleural fluid;Pleural fluid: produced by pleural membranes Acts as lubricant; Helps hold parietal and visceral pleural membranes together. pneumothorax;Intrapleural Pressure;Definition: the pressure in the pleural cavity. Normal