U1P3Cultural relics - Grammar课件.ppt

人教课标必修②高一上; The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause;Objective;语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。;Let’s look at the following sentences. ;However, the next king of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. This was a time when the two countries were at war. ;These are the sentences with attributive clauses. ;1. 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从 句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在 它所修饰的先行词之后。 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行 词。;3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。?关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。?????? 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A. 引导定语从句； B. 代替先行词； C. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。 ;定语从句;Can you tell the difference between restrictive and non-restrictive clauses?;限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句都是 修饰名词和代词的一种从句，两者虽然性 质相同，但在意义上和用法上有许多不 同。 1. 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可 缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就 不完整或失去意义。这种定语从句和主 句的关系十分密切，书写时不用逗号分 开。;例如： I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。 He has found the hammer that he was looking for. 他找到了他正在寻找的那把锤子。 ;2. 非限制性定语从句同主句的关系不十 分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充 的说明，不起限制的作用，如果省 去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。非限 制性定语从句仅仅是对意思已经相当 明确的先行词加以补充说明，不起限 制的作用。这类定语从句在书写时大 多用逗号与主句分开。;例如： Last week I met John, who seemed to be very excited. 上星期我见到了约翰，他好像很兴奋。 The project, which lasted two years, cost five million dollars. 这项工程历时两年，耗资五百万美元。 ;3. 非限制性定语从句对所谈及的人或事 物只提供进一步的说明或解释，它形 式上是一个从句，但在功能上相当于 一个分句，在意义上相当于一个状 语，故可根据其句意改为并列句或状 语从句。;例如： The meeting, which was held in the park, was attended by 1000 people. →The meeting was attended by 1000 people, and it was held in the park. 那次会议有一千人参加, 它是在公园里举行 的。 I dont like the boy, who is very lazy. →I dont like the boy, since he is very lazy. 我不喜欢这个男孩, (因为)他太懒惰了。 ;4. 关系代词 who, whom, which 在限制 性定语从句中作动词的宾语时往往