中美侵权法比较.ppt

中美侵权法比较 the main differences about tort law between China and U.S. classification U.S.-------intentional torts,neligence torts and strict liability torts(侵权人的意图) China-----Product liability,Motor vehicle traffic accident liability,Liability for Medical Damages,Environmental pollution liability,High risk liability,Animal damage liability,Object damage liability（各种细化的侵权责任） original (source of law) China continental law system(civil law system) statutory law The primitive clan society revenge custom Amercia Anglo-American Legal System(common law system) case law Early English tort law(chiefly concerned with making injurers pay for the losses of their victims,with little emphasis on fault or negligence) Product liability America----strict liability contract law---tort law contract law,recovery in such cases litimited to repair and replacement of the product tort law, recovery was limited by the difficulty of proving negligence Comparison of the system of punitive damages in tort law of China and America (1) suitable conditions. subjective elements illegal behavior, should be subject to moral condemnation there are consequences of the damage, the causal relationship (2)Applicable scope U.S.---Widely to the product, and all kinds of commercial infringement case type China---limited The field of Product Infringement 美国通用汽车案 通用公司1979年生产的马里布牌汽车质量有问题，油箱离后保险杠太近，最终导致了惨案的发生。原告律师出示了数以百计的资料数据，证明了通用汽车公司早就知道它的汽车油箱不安全，但因为利润的缘故而不进行修改。这家公司的一位工程师早在1973年就曾经提出了一份被称为“价值分析”的报告，说解决包括引起死亡在内的法律纠纷，每辆车平均花费2.4美元，而解决油箱设计问题，每辆车平均要花8.59美元。经过审理，陪审团一致同意通用汽车公司向受害者赔偿49亿美元。其中的1.07亿美元是对两个妇女和4个孩子所遭受痛苦的补偿性赔偿，其余近48亿美元是对通用汽车公司的“欺骗”与“有意犯罪”而进行的惩罚性赔偿 (3)The calculation method of compensation America---Proportion the maximum amount China-----not specify how to calculate the amount of compensation from these aspects,we can know that there are still many deficiencies in Chinese tort liability law of punitive damages provisions ,which require us pay more a