北京空气质量政策 数模 美赛.doc

问题重述： Beijing’s air condition drew widespread attention, Chinas own assessment say that Beijings air was merely slightly polluted. on the contrary, compared with the standards set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that it was listed as beyond index. the reading was so high. The difference between the Americans and the Chinese is at least in part about what theyre measuring. Chinese monitoring stations around the capital track large particulates of up to 10 micrometers. The number of those particles has dropped as a result of reforestation programs that lessen the dust storms that blew in from deserts. The Chinese have also been successful in reducing sulfur dioxide emissions by limiting coal heating and imposing stricter emissions standards. The U.S. monitor tracks tinier particles — less than 2.5 micrometers — that physicians say are capable of penetrating human lungs and other organs. Car and truck exhaust is a major source of fine particulate pollution, a particular problem in Beijing, where the number of registered cars has skyrocketed from to 5 million from 3.5 million in 2008.The expert suggests that its problem is political as well as technical. 问题分析问题一：根据题意，收集相关数据，分别中国使用的API方式和美国使用的AQI方式对北京市的空气质量进行分析，并且对于结果进行对比、分析 问题二：分析影响北京市空气质量的原因； 问题四：试就环境空气质量的监测与控制对北京市环保部门提出建议。 2.模型假设 （1） (2)假设所查找到的数据中的缺失数据对整体问题的分析不产生影响； (3)假设所预测的7天内无重大自然灾害； (4)假设所预测的7天内无污染事故，无高污染工业迁入迁出； 3.符号说明 符号 意义 污染物 污染物的浓度 与相近的浓度限值的低位值 与相近的浓度限值的高位值 污染物的空气质量分指数 与相近的浓度限值的高位值 与相近的浓度限值的低位值 环境空气质量分指数 4.模型建立问题求解 4.1.1问题分析 第一问中要求分别用空气污染指数的旧标准（API）和新标准（AQI）对北京的空气质量进行分析，并且对于结果进行对比，因此，这里需要应用控制变量的思想，即所取得样本数据必须同时对于API和AQI有效，由于2013年1月1日之前并未测量PM2.5等因素的数据，所以2013年1月1日之前的数据对于AQI而言是无效的数据。因此，我们选取了2013年1月1日到2013年10月28日间的污染物数据作为样本数据，通过应用MATLAB程序来计算出这段时间北京市9个地区及全市平均的API和AQI值，应用MATLAB绘制同一地区的API及AQI随时间变化的折线图，通过对于计算程序模型的设计和图像的研究来分析新旧评价标准的相同点和差异。 To analyze impact of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games on its air quality; Local laws ,administrative regulations and rules ,and standards for improving air