大气污染控制工程--Lecture 3 Air Pollution Control Laws.ppt

Air Pollution Control Engineering Prof. Jiakuan Yang Huazhong University of Science and Technology Questions for the Last Lecture Answer Green house effect How Ozone Holes are formed? Lecture 3 Air Pollution Control Laws and  regulation, Control Philosophies Ⅰ U.S. Air pollution control laws and regulations The flow of legal authority leading to  Air Pollution Control Common Abbreviations of Air Laws  and Regulations EPA : Environmental Protection Agency SIP : State Implementation Plan (州执行计划） NAAQS: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (美国室内空气质量标准） PSD : Prevention Of Significant Deterioration NSPS: New Source Performance Standards NESHAP: National Emission Standard For Hazard And Air pollutions ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists NAAQS and ACGIH ( Page 28) Ⅱ Units of Air Pollutants Many EPA regulations are based on a standard temperature of 25°C. Throughout this book, air and process gases are assumed to be at 1 standard atmosphere and 20°C. In chemistry, standard atmosphere conditions, 0°C, 1atm. Ⅱ Units of Air Pollutants Ⅱ Units of Air Pollutants Ⅱ Units of Air Pollutants Ⅱ Units of Air Pollutants For perfect gases at 1 atm and 25°C, 1 m3 Ⅲ Air Pollution Control Philosophies A perfect air pollution philosophy and implementing regulations are cost-effective, simple, enforceable, flexible, and evolutionary. 1) Emission standards philosophy 2) The Air Quality Standard Philosophy 3) Emission Tax Philosophy 4) Cost-benefit Philosophy 4) Cost-benefit Philosophy 环境空气质量控制标准的种类和作用 环境空气质量标准 环境空气（Ambient air）质量标准是以保障人体健康和一定的生态环境为目标，而对大气环境中各种污染物的允许含量所作的限制规定，是最基本的大气环境标准，是进行大气环境科学管理，制定大气污染防治规划和大气污染物排放标准的依据，是环境管理部门的执法依据。 大气环境污染物排放标准 大气污染物排放标准是为实现大气环境质量标准，对污染源排入大气的污染物允许含量的限制规定。 是控制大气污染源的污染物排放量和选择设计净化装置的重要依据，也是环境管理部门的执法依据。大气污染物排放标准可分为国家标准、地方标准和行业标准。 大气污染控制技术标准 是根据污染物排放标准引申出来的辅助标准，如燃料、原料使用标准，净化装置选用标准，排气囱高度标准及卫生防护距离标准等。 是为保证达到污染物排放标准而从某一方