他们自己的语法的总结.doc

一 .时态几个时态的特殊用法及特殊情况一般现在时的特殊用法以here ,there 开头的句子，说明正在发生的动作，谓语动词不用现在进行时，而用一般现在时。Get it ready. Here comes a taxi.Look! Here comes your boy friend.Hey, there goes the last bus.既定的时间，如生日喜庆，日历，或按时刻表进行的动作，以及表示计划好的即将发生的动作或情况。常用一般现在时表示将来时，适用这种范围的动词有begin, start, go, leave, arrive, stop, return, open, close, sail end等。My train leaves at ten, so I think we’ll take No. 15 Bus at once.Class begins at ten.The plane takes off.在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时或现在完成时代替将来时。I’ll stand here till he comes out.If the manager doesn’t agree to this plan, we won’t carry it out.Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.注意：will 作情态动词表示意愿时，if 引导的从句仍保留will.If he won’t listen to me, I can’t help him.If you will take off your clothes, we’ll fit the new clothes on you.现在进行时态的特殊用法用位移动词或瞬间动词的进行时表示将来，这类动词常见有come, go leave, move, fly, start等I’m leaving for Wuhan.---It’s time for lunch..---I’m coming.注意：一般现在时代替将来时与进行时态代替将来时的区别：前者表即将发生的动作或情况；后者表近期要发生的动作。Tomorrow is your birthday.When are you starting your trip?进行时与always, constantly continually连用，并不表示进行的意义，而是表示说话人强烈的感情色彩，如厌恶或喜欢，焦虑，赞扬，厌烦等。Don’t be always translating everything into your own language.Mother is always thinking of what she could do for others.Some people are always complaining about their work.表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作。He is writing a book this week.Is my daughter working hard this term?用进行时表示变化的过程。It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.She is finding that chemistry is much more difficult than biology.过去完成时态表示愿望，打算的词，如hope, expect, mean suppose, want, intend用过去完成时表示过去没能实现的愿望，打算。表示一…..就….hardly ….when No sooner… than前一动作用过去完成时， 后一动作用一般过去时。Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.No sooner had the murderer come back home than he was arrested.一般过去时态It’s high time ….I would rather….后的从句谓语动词一般用一般过去时态。It’s time we had a rest.I would rather you went there tomorrow.(对现在，将来的宁愿用一般过去时；对过去的宁愿用过去完成时)表示说话人始料未及的事情时，用一般过去时。I didn’t know it was you. I didn’t notice you were reading.现在完成时态It is the first time+that 从句，从句的谓语动词用现在完成时态。It’s the first time tha