小学语法教学名词.doc

名 词 一 概念 名词是某个人或物的名称，或是某类人或物的抽象名称。如：desk, radio,water, air, family, work…… 二 名词的分类 名词 分类 列举 说明 专有名词 The Moon,the Sun,the Earth 普通名词 个体名词 book,apple 可数名词 集体名词 police,family 物质名词 dust,air 不可数名词 抽象名词 housework,feeling 三 名词的数 1.名词复数形式的规则变化 规律 例子 一般情况 直接加-s bed—beds cup—cups tree—trees 以“sh,ch,s,x”和部分“o”结尾的名词 加-es watch—watches dish—dishes glass—glasses box—boxes 例 外 photo—photos piano—pianos radio—radios zoo—zoos 以“e”结尾的名词 加-s piece—pieces cake—cakes 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词 变y为i，再加—es fly—flies factory—factories story—stories study—studies 注意 play—plays toy—toys monkey—monkeys 以“f,fe”结尾的名词 变f,fe为ves knife—knives leaf—leaves 例外 roof—roofs 2.名词复数形式的不规则变化 单复同形 sheep—sheep fish—fish deer—deer people—people 变形 child—children foot—feet man—men woman—women mouse—mice 3.国人的单复数 巧计：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。 a Chinese—five Chinese(不变) a Frenchman—some Frenchmen(变man为men) an Englishman—some Englishmen(变man为men) an Indian—three Indians(直接加—s) one German—six Germans(不要变为Germen) 4.不可数名词 液体，如：water,　juice,　milk,　tea,　coffee等。 部分食物，如：bread,　meat,　beef,　pork,　chicken,　fish等。 其他，如：money,　homework,　housework,　air,　paper等。 练习 Ⅰ.用名词的正确形式填空 1.Lily and Lucy are my__________(classmate). 2.There are seven____________(sheep). 3.My uncle has two bottles of__________(child). 4.How many___________(subway) are there in Shenzhen? 5.Can you give me two bottles of_____________(water)? 6.I brush my_____________(tooth) three times a day. 7.I have two _____________(cup) of coffee for breakfast. 8.The____________(leaf) turn green in spring. 9.There are some_____________(policeman) in the police station. 10.The green sweater is his_____________(brother). Ⅱ.选择填空 ( )1.We have some___________but we need some_____________. A.tomatos;potatos B. tomatoes;potatos C. tomatos;potatoes D. tomatos;potatoes (　　　　)２.The thief has two __________. A.knife B. .knifes C. .knives D. .knifees (　　　　)3.-----Can I help you?