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属性条款2009版
定语从句2009版
双击自动滚屏??? 文章作者:唐健??? 发布时间:2009-7-8??? 阅读:100次
(专题讲座)????????????????? ????定语从句
一. 基本概念
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.?? 住在我们隔壁的人卖蔬菜.
You must do everything that I do.?? 你必须做我做的一切.
定语从句:(在复合句中)作定语的从句。
(提示:把从句看成一个整体)
(复习:单词,词组和句子都可以作定语。如:I bought his book.
I bought his new book.?????? ?I borrowed the book which he bought yesterday. )
(思考:什么叫主语从句,宾语从句,状语从句,表语从句?)
先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。?? (思考:如何理解“先行”?)
引导词:引导定语从句的词,又叫关系词,分为关系代词( that,which,who,whom,whose) 和关系副词(when, where, why)
注意: 1. 定语从句要放在先行词之后, 而在汉语中,无论定语有多长,都要放在名词之前。例如:He still remembers the house where he was born. ??
他还记得他出生的房子。
2. 从句的结构= 连接词+主语+谓语。例如:I don’t know what he said.
(凡是从句都要使用陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后)
小结:能够划出主句和定语从句;先行词和引导词是基本功。
试练如下几题:
1. I shall never forget the day when I went to college.
2. The boy who is playing on the grass is her brother.
3. The letter which I received yesterday was from my best friend.
4. The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.
5. Do you know the park which was built last year?
二. 引导词的三大功能
??? (I) 连接主句和从句。
??? (2) 代替先行词(以免重复)。
??? (3) 在定语从句中充当句子成分。
如:I lost the book which I bought yesterday.? (which在定语从句中作宾语)
定语从句引导词的选用及其省略是高考的重点和难点,但是,始终围绕引导词的“三大功能”思考,是掌握定语从句的关键。
技巧:定语从句都可以转换成一个陈述句。
(which I bought yesterday=I bought the book yesterday.)。
试练如下几题:
1. The boy who is playing on the grass is my brother.
2. I don’t know the reason why (=for which) he didn’t help me.
3. Can you tell me the way in which you learn English?
4. This is the school where I studied 10 years ago.
5. My brother, who is an engineer, is thirty-two. 我的哥哥三十二岁,他是一个工程师。
三.先行词和引导词的关系
1. 关系代词是先行词的复指
A plane is a machine that can fly. ?(that = the machine)
The boy who broke the window is called Tom.?? (who = the boy )
2. 关系代词whose是先行词的所有格
The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.
(whose = the boy’s)
3. 关系副词是介词+先行词
The school where (=in which) I study is far from my home.?? (where = in the school)
试练如下几题:
1. Do you know the boy whose mother is a doctor?
2
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