英语学习材料 - 代词.doc

专题二 代词 历年代词考点情况分析 1.频率高，每年至少一题，多是两题。 2.重点为不定代词与无人称代词it的用法。 3. 代词种类多，用法各异，对每一代词都应认真研究、归纳其特点，并在使用中不断区别比较，掌握各代词的一般规律及特殊用法。 分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词和关系代词。 人称代词主格：I / we ; you / you ; he , she , it / they 人称代词宾格：me / us ; you / you ; him , her , it / them 形容词性物主代词：my / our ; your / your ; his , her , its / their 名词性物主代词：mine / ours ; yours / yours ; his , hers ,its / theirs 反身代词：myself / ourselves ; yourself / yourselves ; himself , herself , itself / themselves 指示代词：this / these ; that / those 相互代词宾格：each other ; one another 相互代词所有格：each other’s ; one another’s 不定代词可数：each ; one ; many ; (a) few ; both ; another ; either ; neither ; no one 不定代词不可数：much ; (a) little 不定代词即可数又不可数：all ; some ; none ; such ; any ; other 复合不定代词：anyone , anybody , anything ; someone , somebody , something ; nobody , nothing ; everyone , everybody , everything 疑问代词：who ; whom ; whose ; which ; what 连接代词：who(ever) ; whom(ever) ; whose(ever) ; which(ever) ;what(ever) 关系代词：who ; whom ; whose ; which ; that ; as 基本用法 人称代词的用法 1.主格担任主语,宾语担任动词或介词的宾语,口语中常用宾格。 It’s me. 2. we和you有时可泛指一般人；she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮。 3. 人称代词的次序: 单数 复数 you/he and I we and you/they you and he you and they you, he and I we, you and they 上述规则也适用于代词所有格。 4. 强调句型中,强调主语用主格, 强调宾语用宾格。 It’s I who am his best friend. It’s her that we are talking about. 反身带词的用法 1. 作宾语，表示动词回到动作执行者的本身。 Heaven only helps those who help themselves. (直接宾语) Susan asked herself the same question. (间接宾语) Now you are old enough to take care of yourself.(介词宾语) 2.作同位语,来加强名词或者代词的语气,应该重读。在句中常置于名词、代词之后或者句子末尾,可作“亲自”、“本人”、“本身”解。 Did your sister do the cooking herself? I want to talk to the president himself. 3.常用反身代词短语 by oneself; for oneself; in oneself; of oneself; to oneself; beside oneself. 指示代词的用法 1. this , that , these , those的用法 1）this和these一般指时间或者空间上较近的人或者物, that和those一般指时间或者空间上较远的人或者物, 在句中作主