英语教学方法的发展与分类.ppt

English Language Teaching Methodology ;The method concept in language teaching: the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices based on a particular theory of language and language learning ;ELT Methodology: It mainly studies the fundamental tenets, basic principles, common methods, practical techniques and popular means of ELT.;Methodology is that which links theory and practice． ;Theory statements would include theories of what language is and how language is learned or，more specifically，theories of foreign language/second language acquisition（SLA）． Such theories are linked to various design features of language instruction． ;These design features might include stated objectives，syllabus specifications，types of activities，roles of teachers， learners，materials，and so forth． Design features in turn are linked to actual teaching and learning practices as observed in the environments where language teaching and learning take place． ;Practice and Theory;Unit 1 Language and Learning;How do we learn languages ?;Language acquisition: the process where a language is acquired as a result of natural and largely random exposure to language.( a subconscious process);Language learning: the process where the exposure to language is structured through language teaching. Learning is a conscious process, and it usually takes place in the language classroom. ;Items of comparison ;2 ) How do we learn foreign language ?;1) What is language ?;Views;Structural View :; Functional View :;Interactional View :;III. Views on language learning;;Condition-oriented theories emphasize the nature of the human and physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, what kind of input learners receive, and the learning atmosphere.;Behaviourist theory (行为主义学习理论） ;Language is also a form of behaviour. It can be learned the same way as an animal is trained to respond to stimuli. ;The key point of the theory of conditioning “Yo