2009年初中生物会考复习提纲（In 2009, the junior middle school biology examination review outline）.doc

2009年初中生物会考复习提纲（In 2009, the junior middle school biology examination review outline） 1. The motor system consists of three parts, bone, bone and skeletal muscle, which function as support, protection and movement. 2, the long bone surface is covered with periosteum, the periosteum has nerve and blood vessel, the blood vessel provides the nourishment for the bone tissue, the red bone marrow has the hematopoiesis function. 3. The basic structures of bone include periosteum, bone and bone marrow. Osteoblasts in the periosteum are related to the length and thickness of the bone and the repair after fracture. The cells of the epiphyseal cartilage layer are related to the length of the bone 4. The elements of bone include organic matter and inorganic substance. Bone is the largest calcium storehouse in the human body. The organic substance in bone is mainly bone glue, which makes the bones tough. The inorganic substance makes the bones stiff and elastic. 5. during adolescence, the content of organic substance in bone is more than 1/3, and the content of inorganic substance is less than 2/3. This kind of bone elasticity is big, hardness is small, and it is easy to deform. Therefore, young people should develop sitting, standing and doing the correct posture. 6. The joints are usually movable joints between the fingers and the bones. The basic structures of the joints include the articular surface, the joint capsule and the joint cavity three parts 7, the human body has 206 bones, divided into axial bone and appendicular bone two major parts, more than 600 pieces of skeletal muscle, each skeletal muscle including tendon and muscle belly two parts 7. The stimulation of skeletal muscle contraction comes from nerve stimulation. The contraction of skeletal muscles is governed by the coordination and control of the nervous system. Exercise also consumes energy, and energy is derived from oxidative decomposition of organic compounds in muscle cells. 8. A movement, usually under