ContemporaryManagement Second Edition当代管理.ppt

Management Key Concepts Organizations: People working together and coordinating their actions to achieve specific goals. Goal: A desired future condition that the organization seeks to achieve. Management: The process of using organizational resources to achieve the organization’s goals by... Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling Additional Key Concepts Resources are organizational assets and include: People, Machinery, Raw materials, Information, skills, Financial capital. Managers are the people responsible for supervising the use of an organization’s resources to meet its goals. Achieving High Performance Organizations must provide a good or service desired by its customers. David Johnson of Campbell Soup manages his firm to provide quality food products. Physicians, nurses and health care administrators seek to provide healing from sickness. McDonald’s restaurants provide burgers, fries and shakes that people want to buy. Organizational Performance Measures how efficiently and effectively managers use resources to satisfy customers and achieve goals. Efficiency: A measure of how well resources are used to achieve a goal. Usually, managers must try to minimize the input of resources to attain the same goal. Effectiveness: A measure of the appropriateness of the goals chosen (are these the right goals?), and the degree to which they are achieved. Organizations are more effective when managers choose the correct goals and then achieve them. Managerial Functions Henri Fayol was the first to describe the four managerial functions when he was the CEO of a large mining company in the later 1800’s. Fayol noted managers at all levels, operating in a for profit or not for profit organization, must perform each of the functions of: Planning, organizing, leading, controlling. Four Functions of Management Planning Planning is the process used by managers to identify and select appropriate goals and courses of action for an organization. 3 steps to go