2012.12优效课堂建设第1阶段第2步工作总结会发言.doc

优效课堂建设第一阶段第二步工作总结会发言 一 务虚 1.知识掌握的过程 前苏联： Д.Н.博戈亚夫连斯基与Н.Α.梅钦斯卡娅泛化－分化－高级综合。Ю.Α.萨马林局部联想、局部系统联想、系统内部的或对象内部的联想、系统之间的或对象之间的联想。在美国J.布鲁纳知识的获得、知识的转换和知识的评价。R.M.加涅：引起动机阶段、了解阶段、获得阶段、保持阶段、回忆阶段、概括阶段、作业阶段和反馈阶段。奥萨贝尔习得阶段、保持阶段和再现阶段。在中国教材的直观、教材的概括、教材的识记、教材的保持和教材的具体化。R.M.加涅内在条件和外在条件两类。内在条件是学习者本身应具备的条件学习者的生理发展水平以及机能状态；学习者的能力倾向以及发展水平；学习者的动机因素及其性质水平；学习者的有关知识的准备状态；学习者的有关智力技能的准备状态。外在条件则指学习情境中应具备的条件：教材本身的结构；知识本身的概括水平及呈现形式；教材的程序设计；传授知识的方式方法；教学中的反馈因素以及检验与评定方法；教师的教学态度及业务水平。大学之法：禁于未发之谓豫；当其可之谓时；不陵节而施之谓孙；相观而善之谓摩。此四者，教之所由兴也。大学施教的方法：在学生的错误没有发生时就加以防止，叫做预防；在适当的时机进行教育，叫做及时；不超越受教育者的才能和年龄特征而进行教育，叫做合乎顺序；互相取长补短，叫做相互研讨。这四点，是教学成功的经验。 ????习近平指出，每个人都有理想和追求，都有自己的梦想。现在，大家都在讨论中国梦，我以为，实现中华民族伟大复兴，就是中华民族近代以来最伟大的梦想。这个梦想，凝聚了几代中国人的夙愿，体现了中华民族和中国人民的整体利益，是每一个中华儿女的共同期盼。历史告诉我们，每个人的前途命运都与国家和民族的前途命运紧密相连。国家好，民族好，大家才会好。实现中华民族伟大复兴是一项光荣而艰巨的事业，需要一代又一代中国人共同为之努力。空谈误国，实干兴邦。 二 务实 1.实际原则 案例一： The Blind Men and the Elephant A Hindoo Fable - by John Godfrey Saxe I It was six men of Indostan To learning much inclined, Who went to see the Elephant (Thought all of them were blind). That each by observation Might satisfy his mind. II The FIRST approached the Elephant And happening to fall Against his broad and sturdy side At once began to bawl: God bless me, but the Elephant Is very like a wall! III The SECOND, feeling of the tusk, Cried Ho! What have we here So very round and smooth and sharp? To me tis mightly clear This wonder of an Elephant Is very like a spear. IV The THIRD approached the animal, And happening to take The squirming trunk within his hands, Thus boldly up and spake: I see, quoth he, the Elephant Is very like a snake! V The FOURTH reached out his eager hand, And felt about the knee, What most this wondrous beast is like Is mightly plain, quoth he: Tis clear enough the Elephant Is very like a tree! VI The FIFTH, who chanced to touch the ear, Said: Een the blindest man Can tell what this resembles most, Deny the fact who can, This marvel of an Elephant Is very like a fan! VII Th