20134月小学语法总复习.doc

一、名 词 表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。 可数名词如何变“复数形式”： a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ； 读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；读音：[iz]。c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries；读音：[z]。d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况 1）+es 读音：[z] 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes potato-potatoes 2) +s 读音：[z] 如：photo-photos radio-radios f. 不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer Chinese-Chinese, Japanese- Japanese, Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman- Frenchmen, German-Germans, people-people. 不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice 练一练： 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1.computer ____________ 2.apple ____________ 3.city ______________ 4.house _____________ 5.sheep _____________ 6.watch ______________ 7.tomato _____________8.child _____________ 9.tooth ________ 10.foot ______________ 11.wife _____________12.potato ____________ 13.play _____________ 14.day ____________ 15.glass ______________ 16.radio ______________ 17.zoo ______________ 18. life ______________ 19. story _____________ 20.leaf _____________ 21. baby _____________ 22.dress _____________ 23.butterfly _____________24. deer _____________ 25.class _____________ 26.brush _____________ 27.key _____________ 28. English ____________29.mouse ____________30. man __________ 二、单项选择 　( )1. The __ in our yard are very beautiful.　　 A. cloth　　　B. water　　　　C. flowers ( )2. Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.　　 A. boy　　　　 B. boys　　　 C. boies ( )3. A cat has four ____ , doesnt it?　　 A. foots　　　 B. feet　　　　 C. feets ( )4. There are three ____ and five _