专4练习关于词汇语法.docVIP

专四应试技巧（语法词汇篇1:集体名词作主语主谓一致) 集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。worn out词不太正式，多用于口语。The troops were worn?out after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。专四应试技巧（语法词汇篇2：关于used to的意义和用法）关于used to的意义和用法：used to (只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。例如：?He used to smoke a lot, but he has long given up smoking.? 在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didn’t use to或usedn’t to均可：?He didn’t use to smoke cigarettes.?He usedn’t to smoke cigarettes.?Didn’t Maria use to be interested in the theatre ?Usedn’t Maria to be interested in the theatre ? 在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：?Used you to go to the same school as Edward ?Did you use to go to the same school as Edward ?? 近义词辨析 use, apply, avail, employ, utilize?这组词均含有“使用”或“利用”之意。?use强调利用人或物作为工具。? He used up all his resources in experimenting with the new paint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。 apply指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。? We should not only know the theory but also know how to appl