人教版八年级下册英语第4单元学案.docVIP

人教版八年级下册英语第四单元学案 一、???? 1) Important words: mad, anymore, message, suppose, hard-working 2) Important phrases: watch soap operas, be supposed to do, first of all, pass on, sth. happen on?… 3) Important Sentences ①?She said she was mad at Marcia. ②?She said she was having a party for Lana. ③?What happened on “Young Lives” last night? ④?You are supposed to meet at the bus stop to return it. 4) Grammar:?直接引语和间接引语 二、???? 1.直接引语与间接引语之间的转化； 2.区分bring/take； 三、学习过程： ?Step1单元语法讲解：（直接引语和间接引语） ?(一)?直接引语和间接引语的含义： 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种形式：一是引用别人的原话，两边用 引号标出，称为直接引语；二是用自己的语言转述别人的话，称为间 接引语。间接引语在句中实际上就是宾语从句。 ??(二)?直接引语变间接引语的方法： 1.???????从句人称的变化： 由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。 1）?直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。eg:①?They said,“We will go there by bus” 他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿”。 ???→?They said they would go there by bus. 他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。 ??②?He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” →?He said that he was visiting his aunt next week. 2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg: ①?She said to me,“Are you interested in science?” 她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗？” →?She asked me if /whether I was interested in science. 她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。 ??②?He said to me,“You are hard-working.” →?He told me that I was hard-working. 3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。 ?eg: His mother said to me,“?He can’t go to school.” 他的妈妈对我说：“他不能去上学”。 →?His mother told me that he couldn’t go to school. ???他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。 2.?从句时态的变化： 1）?如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。 ?eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” 他说：“我下周要去看望我的姑姑”。 →?He says that he is visiting his aunt next week. 2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。 ①?一般现在时改为一般过去时； ②?现在进行时改为过去进行时；????? ③?一般将来时改为过去将来时。 ?注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。 eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”. 老师告诉我们：“光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快”。??????? →?The teacher told us that Light travels faster than sound. 3.???????句型的变化： 1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that来引导，that可省略。?eg: He said,“I like watching TV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视”。 →?He said that he liked watching TV. 2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用if或whether来引导，且用陈述句语序。eg: He ask