景观农业研究的兴起及其实际意义-生态学杂志.PDF

生态学杂志 　2000 ,19 (4) ∶67 - 7 1 Chinese Journal of Ecology 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 景观农业研究的兴起及其实际意义 赵 　羿 　郭旭东 ( 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 , 1100 15) Landscape Agriculture and Its Practical Meaning. Zhao Yi and Guo Xudong ( I ns tit ute of A pp lied ) Ecology , Chinese A cademy of S ciences , S heny ang , 1100 15 . Chinese J ou rnal of Ecology ,2000 ,19 (4) :67 - 7 1. Landscap e agriculture is t he combination of landscap e ecology and agriculture . It s basic idea is from t he system t heory and landscap e ecology . Now landscap e agriculture is getting more and more atten tion because of it s multi - functional roles. For example , it can exploit t he agricultural ecosystem more rationally , make full use of t he self - adj ust ment function of t he natural p atches and corridors in t he field , as well as t he effect s from landform t yp es and topological component s. It uses regenera tive biological energy to a large extent , constitutes beautiful scenic view and protect s t he diversity of genetics , sp ecies , ecosystems and landscap es. Landscap e agriculture emp hasizes environment im provement , bio - diversity protection and tourism develop ment , t hus provides new possibility for t he increase of economical benefit s and get s t he positive feedback loop started . An example from t he for mer Soviet Union is presented as well in t his p ap er . Key words :landscap e agriculture , landscap e optimization , ecological environment , biological diversity . 的方法存在严重的负效应 :一是集约化生产给环 1 　引　言 境带来严重的危害 。据联合国环境规划署估计 , 近些年来 ,景观生态学与农学的结合出现了 荒漠化威胁着世界表土面积 的 1/ 3 , 约 4 . 8