智能电加热装置在油田高回压井组中的应用Applicationofthesmart.DOC

智能电加热装置在油田高回压井组中的应用 Application of the smart electrical heating device in high back pressure well group 周元甲1 陈安德2 赵鹏1 王 勇1 Zhou Yuan-jia Chen An-de Zhao peng Wang Yong 1.西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司，陕西西安 710018 Xi’an Changqing TechnologyEngineering Co.，Ltd, Xi’an,Shanxi, 710018，China 2.长庆油田分公司第四采油厂，宁夏银川 750006 Changqing oilfiled compang oil production plant NO.4,Yinchuan,Ningxia,750006,China 摘要： 冬季随着环境温度的降低，油井井口回压随之升高，采用井组集油管线加热方法可以有效降低井口回压，保证了油井平稳生产。本文介绍了一种用于井组集油管线加热的智能电加热装置，该装置以电能为加热源，以导热油为换热介质，同时配套先进的控制系统，具有自动加热、自动控温、参数设定及显示等功能。针对数字化井场，装置可以实现远程起停及参数操控，满足长庆油田数字化井场管理要求。智能电加热装置现场投运后，运行平稳、加热效率高、实时控制效果好，达到了无人值守的预期目标。 关键词： 井组；冬季；集油管线；智能；电加热装置 Abstracts: Winter as the temperature is lowered, the oil wells back pressure increases, the well group oil gathering pipeline heating method can effectively reduce the wellhead back pressure, ensure the stable production of oil well. This article introduces a smart electrical heating device for well group oil gathering pipeline heating, the device takes the electric energy as heat source, a heat conducting oil as a heat transfer medium, while supporting the advanced control system, has the functions of automatic heating, automatic temperature control, parameter setting and display.In view of the digitized well site, the device can realize remote start/stop and parameters control, meets the requirements of digitized well site management in Changqing oilfiled. Smart electrical heating device, stable operation, high heating efficiency, the realtime control effect is good, achieve unattended target. Key words: well group；Winter；Oil gathering pipeline；Smart；Electrical heating device 文献标识码：A 0 引言 长庆油田地处鄂尔多斯盆地，属典型的“三低”油田，单井产量低，为降低地面建设成本，采用了丛式井组单管密闭集输工艺[]。冬季随着环境温度的降低，原油流动性变差，油田部分区块由于采出原油含蜡量高，易在集油管线壁上形成结蜡层，导致管线通径变小，井口回压升高，增加抽油机的能耗，影响油井的产量，甚至导致集油管线堵塞，使整个井组生产停顿，同时管线解堵劳动强度大、成本费用高。实践证明，冬季使用井组集油管线加热方法可以有效降低井口回压，保证油井的平稳生产。 长期以来，油田高回压井组冬季大部分采用燃煤水套炉加热原油，在使用中存在加热不稳定、热效率低、安全隐患大、环境污染以及极端天气下燃料无法及时供给影响生产等问题。通过使用智能电加热装置，可有效解决上述诸多问题，满足现场安全生产要求，提升油田高回压井场数字