中考英语语法讲解课件-被动语态概要.ppt

基 础 知 识 一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义 2. 被动语态的构成： 被字句：主语+ be +动词过去分词(v-ed) +by sb. 我打他 I beat him. (打过了) 他被我打He was beaten by me. 他喜欢她 He likes her. 她被他喜欢She is liked by him. (am/ is / are). 主动语态变被动语态的方法： We speak English . （主动语态） 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by us .（被动语态） 主语 谓语 宾语 宾变主，主变宾，前加by 动变被，看清be，结构分别be+pp 主动语态be的谓语形式总结(1) 主+am/ is/ are… 主+ am/ is/ are + being 主+ will + be… 主+ has been… He is a leader. He is being here. He will be a leader. He has been a leader. 主动语态be的谓语形式总结(2) 主+was/ were… 主+ was/ were + being 主+ would + be… 主+ had been… He was a leader. He was being here just now. He would be a leader. He had been a leader several years ago. 各种时态被动语态的结构: 一般现在时: is / am / are done 一般将来时：will be done 现在进行时：is /am / are being done 现在完成时：have / has been done 一般过去时：was / were done 过去将来时：would / should be done 过去进行时：was / were being done 过去完成时：had been done 含情态动词的：情态动词+be+done 被动语态:主+ be +过去分词+(by sb) 1. He eats the apple. 2. He ate the apple. 3. He is eating the apple. 4. He was eating the apple. 5. He will eat the apple. 6. He would eat the apple. 7. He has eaten the apple. 8. He had eaten the apple. 1. The apple is eaten by him. 2. The apple was eaten by him. 3. The apple is being eaten by him. 4. The apple was being eaten by him. 5. The apple will be eaten by him. 6. The apple would be eaten by him. 7. The apple has been eaten by him. 8. The apple had been eaten by him. 三、情态动词的被动语态 他儿子一定照顾这个人。 His son must take care of the person. 这个人一定要由他儿子照顾=即这个人一定照顾由他儿子。 The person must be taken care of by his son. 含有情态动词的句子变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面直接加上be动词即可。 构成：主语+情态动词(can,may,must)+be(永远是原形)+过去分词+by sb. 1. You must do this as soon as possible. 2. I can use it. 3. You should buy a dictionary. 4. They need look after the little child. 5.