中英高级翻译-翻译概述概要.ppt

英汉互译教程 ---翻译概述 Topics for discussion How do you define translation? What or who is involved in translation? The author The translator The reader The source language(SL) The target language(TL) 东西方学者论翻译 一．西方翻译家、翻译理论家观点 语文学观点： Translation, the surmounting of the obstacles, is made possible by an equivalence of thought that lies behind its different verbal expressions (T. Savory, 1959: 13). Translation, essentially, is the faithful representation, in one language, of what is written or said in another. Translation is a pane of glass through which we look at the work of art (G. Mounin). Translation should produce a version which may be read with as much pleasure as the original, and yet remain faithful to its spirit, sense and style (A. V. Federov). 语言学观点： Translation is “the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL)” (J. C. Catford, 1965:20). Translation is “an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language” (Jakobson, 1959/1966: 233). Translation is the expression in another language (or target language) of what has been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalences (Dubois). Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language (Meetham and Hudson). Translation is “the transfer of ‘meaning’ from one set of language signs to another set of language signs” (Lawendowski, 1978:267). Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style (E. Nida, 1969/1982:12). 功能理论观点： Translation is the production of a functional target text maintaining a relationship with a given source text that is specified according to the intended or demanded function of the target text (Nord, 1991:28). Translation is a written communica