主谓一致.概要.ppt

(25)由some of, a plenty of ,a lot of , lots of ,most of ,the rest of ,most of, all(of), half (of), a part of,分数或百分数+of+名词等短语作主语时,谓动单复数形式要视名词而定. The rest of the money belongs to you . The rest of the students are for it. (26)one or two+复数名词,谓动用复数. a/an+单数名词+or two之后,谓动却常用单数. A day or two is enough. Exercise one: Fill in the blanks with the right form of the given verbs: (1) ______ (have) your classmates finished their homework? (2) My friend and I _____ (want) to play outside after watching TV. (3) Most of the students _____ (prefer) English to Mathematics. (4) ___________ (have) all of the cake been eaten up? (5) Collecting stamps _____ (be) one of his favorite pastimes. Have want prefer Have / has is 主谓一致 所谓主谓一致,即谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,通常要遵循三个原则,即语法一致原则;意义一致原则;和就近一致原则. 1).语法一致原则是指主语单复数形式要与谓语一致. The boy is playing outside. 单数名词主语要求单数谓语动词. The boys are playing outside. 复数名词主语要求复数谓语动词. 2)意义一致原则是指主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致. The family are waiting for him. 单数名词主语要求复数谓语动词,因为family指家里的成员. Five minutes is enough. 复数名词主语要求单数谓语动词,因为five minutes表示一个数目. 3). 就近一致原则是指谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近的名词,一般说来不可数名词用单数谓语,可数名词复数用复数谓语. There is much water in the bottle. There are many students on the playground. 主谓一致的一些具体的用法: (1)两个名词由and或both---and---连接作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数. You ,he and I are students. Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop. (2)如果and连接的两个名词指同一个人或事,或指同一概念或指由两个部件配成的物品,这时and后的名词前无冠词,谓语动词用单数. The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. A knife and fork is on the table. 两个名词都有冠词或其他限定词修饰时,谓语动词则用复数. 比较:My friend and lawyer has caught a bad cold. My friend and my lawyer have caught a bad cold. (3)由and连接的两个单数名词作主语,若前面有each,every,many a(许多),no等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数. Each teacher and (each) student was given a new shirt. Many a boy and (many a) girl has made the same mistake. (4)many a(许多), more than one(不止一个)作定语修饰作主语的单数可数名词时,谓语动词用单数. Many a student wants to take part in the party. More than one person knows about the good news. (5)“one and a half+复数名词”结构作主语,谓语用单数. One and a half days is all I can spare.