主谓一致和倒装句概要.doc

主谓一致和倒装句 一． 就近原则：在 not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。 例： 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project. 2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager. 二． 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。 例： 1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment . 2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games . 三． 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 例： 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week. 2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident. (对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母) 四． 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例： 1.Each of the girls is fond of pop music in her class. 2.Someone is expecting you at the school gate . 但 none 做主语时谓语用单复数都行。 例： None of them are / is interested in local music. 另外：当 every, each, no 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数。 例： 1.Each student is preparing for the final examination now. 2.Every boy and every girl is proud of the result of the experiment. 3.No teacher and no student is admitted to enter the place . 4.They each have an English dictionary .(此句中each 做同位语，谓语由主语they确定) 五.当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。 例： 1.Five hundred dollars is quite enough for the return voyage (返航)。 2.Seven kilometers was covered in two hours . 但算式做主语时，谓语用单数，复数都可以。 例： 1.Four times five is / are twenty. ( Four times five make /makes twenty .) 六． 当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由 and 连接两个不定式或动名词时，动词则用复数，表示不同的两件事。 例： 1.whether he succeeds or fails doesnt concern me . (他成功或失败与我无关) 2.Swimming in the Yangtze River needs great courage. 3.To say something is one thing, to do it is another. 4.To play basketball and to go swimming are of great use for c