主谓一致讲解概要.ppt

1.语法形式上要一致，即用作主语 的名词中心词和谓语动词在单、复数 形式上一致。 2.意义上要一致，即主语和谓语的 一致关系取决于主语的单、复数 意义。 一、一些特殊名词 1.形式上为复数，但意义上为单数的名词作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。这类名词有以-s结尾的表示学科、专业、疾病等术语的名词及其他名词。 如：mathematics，physics，news，works，brains(智慧) … 2.表示时间、距离、金钱的复数名词或短语作主语表示一个整体概念时，谓语一般用单数。 如：Five hours is a short time for such a difficult job. 完成这样一件艰难的工作， 五年是一段很短的时间 Ten miles is a long way to walk.  10米的路走起来很长。 3.集合名词people,police,cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；集合名词army,class,club,committee, crowd,crew,family,gang,herd,jury,public,congress,assembly,band等作主语时，如指整体，谓语动词用单数；如指成员，谓语动词用复数。 二、就近原则与就远原则 就近原则: there/here+be/系动词， either...or...， neither...nor...， not only...but(also)...， not...but.. 就远原则： as well as, (together/along) with, rather than, 三、特殊用法 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。 A number of +名词复数+复数动词。The number of +名词复数+单数动词。 3.代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。 4.the +形容词“表一类人”谓语用复数 5. one or two +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数 6.（本模块重点) 有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 注意：如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes.  7.由what 引出的从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。 8.在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。  1. The old _B___well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was 2. 2. The secretary and manager _A___very busy now.A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. The whole class _A____the teacher attentively.A. are listening to B. is listening toC. are listening D. is listening 4.He is the only one of the students who _D___elected.A. are B. have C. has D. is 5. Many a man _B____ come to help us.A. have B. has C. is D. are 6. Jane is one of the best students in her class who ___A__by their teacher.A. are praised B. is praised C. praised D. praising