人教版英语八上语法知识篇概要.doc

Grammar Unit1. 不定代词（） 指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。见不定代词如下所示：e 一些somebody 某人 someone 某人 something 某事；某物 any 一些；body任何人人anything 任何事物body 没有人 one 没有人thing 没什么 every 每个ybody 每人；人yone 每人ything 每件事物；一切；全部ch 每个或物（两个以上） ither 两者都不（谓单） either 两者中的任何一个(s)另一个（）nother另外一个；以一个 few 很少些几个少 little 一些e 一个（或物）定代的用法有几点需要注意上： 1. some 可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。ome多用于句 any则多用于句、疑问和条件句。： Are there any apples in the fridge? B: Yes, there are some. / No, there aren’t any. A: Is there any water in the bottle? B: Yes, there is some water./ No, there isn’t any water. 但在类问句中用而不用是因为 话者希望得到对方的答复。 2. many, much, a lot of “很多”。但修饰可数名词复数 修饰不可数名词，可接可数复数，可与不可数名词连用。 3. few 一对反义词，修饰可数复数；是一对反义词， 不可数名词。意思是“少；几乎没有”侧重“”的含义；意思“有一些”，侧重“”的含义。例如： ’t worry. There is a little time to go. We took quite a few photos there. Few people know what happened. There is now little hope of success. 4. 由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，都单数看待，其谓动词用单数三人称形式。例如 Something is wrong with my watch. Well, everyone wants to win. Nobody knows what the future will be like. There is something for everyone at Greenwood Park. 5. 除no one以外，其他复合不定代词个词。 6. 定代词有定语修饰，要其后。例如 Did anyone see something good at the cinema? For lunch, we had something very special —Malaysian yellow noodles. Do you have anything to say? Unit2.频度副词（）用以回答how oftenalways (100%) almost always usuallyoftensometimeshardly ever(seldom)never(0%) always 总是，一直，始终 100% almost always 几乎总是 95% usually 通常，经常 90% often 常常，经常 70% sometimes 有时，不时 40% hardly ever (seldom) 几乎从不，几乎不曾，难得 （很少） 5% never 从不，绝不 0%  3. 位置：频度副词通常、助动词、： ’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. Tom doesn’t usually eat breakfast at school. They hardly ever watch TV. Fewer people will do such jobs in the future because they are boring, but robots will never get bored. He sometimes gets up at 6:00. = Sometimes he gets up at 6:00. 表示频率的短语： once/ twice a week 一周一次/两次， three times a day 一天三次， every hour/ day/ week/ year 每小时/每天/每周/每年 提示：三次或三次以上一般用“基数词+times”来表示。