基于结构动力学的转向架裂纹检测仿真研究-潘汪洋.pdf

基于结构力学的转向架裂纹检测仿真研究 城市轨道交通车辆工程专业1011122 班 潘汪洋 指导教师：方宇 摘要：针对当前地铁转向架构架裂纹检测效率较低的问题，提出一种基于结构力学的转向架裂纹检测方法。 首先使用SolidWorks对构架和裂纹进行建模。然后使用ANSYS模态分析进行仿真检测，通过比较无裂纹和 有裂纹构架在各阶模态频率下裂纹附近曲率模态的区别，证明了曲率模态振型可以有效的反映裂纹出现的 位置。随后进一步的研究了曲率模态突变量和裂纹深度、裂纹宽度之间的关系，在得出了曲率模态突变量 和裂纹深度、裂纹宽度呈线性关系后，探索性的指出可以用曲率模态突变量来估算裂纹深度、裂纹宽度。 最后通过分析，遗憾的发现曲率模态仅能对结构表面或极浅的裂纹进行检测，而无法发现结构内部的裂纹。 其研究成果为构架裂纹检测设备的开发提供了前期的理论研究和技术铺垫，具有较为重要的实际意义。 关键词：构架，裂纹，有限元分析，曲率模态，模态分析 Simulation of detection of bogie crackbased on structural mechanics Abstract: Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of the current Metro Bogie Frame Crack Detection, a new method based on structural mechanics is put forward . firstly, the structure and crack are modeled by SolidWorks. Then use ANSYS modal analysis for simulation testing, through comparing the no crack and crack in the modal frequencies near the crack curvature mode difference. It is proved that the curvature mode shape can effectively reflect cracks appear. Subsequently further studied the relationship between the curvature modal process variables and crack depth, crack width, in that the curvature modal process variables and crack depth, crack width showed a linear relationship, the exploration that can be of the mode curvature mutation quantity to estimate crack depth, crack width. Finally, through the analysis, it is found that the curvature mode can only be detected on the surface of the structure or the very shallow crack, and can not find the crack in the structure. The research results of this paper provide the theoretical research and technical preparation for the development of the crack detection equipment, which is of great practical significance. Key words:Frame, crack, finite element analysis, curvature mode, modal analysis . 1 绪论 1.1 国内外地铁转向架构架裂纹检测现状及存在的问题 在地铁检修过程中，发现构架在运行过程中可能出现裂纹，对行车安全造成重大隐患。