《格列佛游记》的批判性分析(英文版).doc

《 格列佛游记 》的批判性分析 A C ritica l A na lysis of Gu lliver’s T ravels Abstract: B ased on Gulliver’s four voyages in Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels this paper ana2 lyzes the au thor’s satirical view of the state of European governm ent and religions, and inquiry into the corruption of men, and his desire to establish a harmonious and democratic Houyhnhm - like society. Key words: satirical; Houyhnhm - like society; Gu lliver’ s Travels  The nam e of Jonathan Swift is one of the very greate st nam es in English literature, and The Ta le of a Tub and Gu lliver’s Travels are two of the greatest sa tires in the English language. Jonathan Swift wa s born of English parents in Dublin in 1667 and becam e a product of Irish cul2 ture and learning. He was educa ted a t the Kilkenny School and Trinity College in Dublin, and becam e an a ssistant to author and dip lom at SirW illiam Tem 2 ple. He left this position after Temple died in 1699 to earn his priest’ s ordination. He worked as a clergyman in Ireland, traveling throughout the Unit2 ed Kingdom , and exp loring his frustrations with so2 c iety through his w ritings. He wrote about the pover2 ty he saw among the peop le, the typical daily life of city folkand the p roblem s he w itnessed in the social order. It is this w riting that makes Swift one of the most renowned satirists of English soc iety and B ritish history. He believed that social conventions were outdated and m ust be changed, and qualities of m ind ( and not physical beauty) should be the foun2 dations of love. He also found a heavy interest in politic s, taking up weight in the Tory party of Eng2 land’ s governm ental party system. F rom such ob2 se rvations in government and religion, and love and gender inequality, Swift produced an enormous body of work. H is writings fall into several categorie s, in2 c luding poetry, short stories, political essays, and novels. In 1742, he was dec lared of unsound m ind, and die