常用英语标点符号及其用法.doc

常用英语标点符号及其用法 在书面语，标点符号起着分隔作用，并有指明语法关系和语义的功能。现将常用标点符号的主要用法分述如下：一．逗号（,）1.分隔并列成分。例：At the bookstore I bought a dictionary, a grammar book and a textbook.　我在书店里买了一本词典，一本语法书和一本课本。He stood up from his seat, opened the door, and went out.　他从座位上站了起来，推开门出去了。 2. 分隔并列分句。例：He lives his students, and his students love him. 他爱他的学生，他的学生也爱他。We must leave now, or we will miss the train.　我们必须立刻出发，不然就误了火车了。 3. 分隔同位语、呼语。例：Mr. Zhang, our English teacher, will be leaving for Shanghai on Friday. 张老师，我们的英语老师，将在星期五动身去上海。I would like to ask you, Mr. Jones, for your opinion.　琼斯先生，我想听听你的意见。Take a seat, Mr. Smith.　史密斯先生，请坐。 4. 分隔句首状语。例：Honestly, I dont know. 真的，我不知道。When it rains, I go to school by bus.　下雨的时候，我坐公共汽车上学。Where there is life, there is hope.　留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 5. 分隔非限制性定语从句。例：She gave him a story book, when he started to read at once. 她给了他一本故事书，他马上就读了起来。The thief, who had entered through the window, store a lot of money.　小偷是从窗户进去的，偷走了许多钱。 6. 分隔直接引语和导语。例：George said, I dont know her telephone number. 乔治说：“我不知道她的电话号码。”Only a fool, Jim said, would believe his words.　吉姆说：“只有傻子才会相信他的话。” 二　句号（.）1. 用于陈述句和语气温和的祈使句后。例：Somebody is asking to see you.　有人要见你。She asked if he had done his best.　她问他是否已尽了最大努力。Lets go to the movies.　我们去看电影吧。 2. 用于某些缩略词等后。例：Oct.? 十月（October）Prof. Li 李教授(Professor Li)98.6%? 三　问号（？）1. 用于疑问句后。例：Is there a pos office near here? 这儿附近有邮局吗？Its cold outside, isnt it? 外面很冷是吗？2．用于委婉的祈使句后。例：Open the door, would you? 请把门打开。Have some coffee, will you? 喝点咖啡，好吗？ 四? 冒号（：）1．用于引出表示列举、解释或说明性的词语。例：Her grades are as follows: Chinese, an A; English, a B; Math, a C; an History, a B. 她的成绩如下：汉语为A，英语为B，数学为C，历史为B。The weather will be like this tomorrow: cloudy with scattered showers at night. 明天的天气是：阴天，晚间有零星阵雨。 2. 用于引出对前文进行总结、补充的词语。例：Ive just had some good news: Ive been offered a job in the firm. 我刚得到一个好消息，我在那家公司谋到一个职位。He has only one pleasure: playing cards. 他只有一个乐趣：玩牌。 五? 感叹号（！）1．有于感叹句，表示感叹、赞美、嘲讽等。例：Happy New Year! 新年好！What lovely flowers! 多美的花呀！How I wish t