中美国家健康战略比较研究——基于健康中国2030规划纲要和.doc

中美国家健康战略比较研究 ——基于《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》和《健康国民2020》文本 李蓉李军重庆科技学院体育部 重庆 邮编 401331The comparative study of national health strategies between China and America ——Based on the text of Outline of healthy China 2030 and Healthy people 2020 Li Rong 1 Li Jun2 (Department of physical education Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China) Abstract: Based on the text of Outline of healthy China 2030 and Healthy people 2020，this paper makes a comparative analysis from three aspects: the basic content of the national health strategy of the United States and China, the practical measures and the national health strategy. The results show that, the Outline of healthy China 2030 am more strategic, systematic and instructive than the Healthy people 2020. Compared with the rich practice of American health strategy, Healthy China strategy needs to establish and perfect the corresponding management system and operation mechanism. Sports field introduction of national fitness program and other national health policy objectives and strategic objectives. Suggestions: Set up the idea of big health;From the national level to establish a special leading bodies or multi ministries joint meeting system; the relevant functional departments of the government undertake healthy China strategic objectives and tasks, Develop a specific implementation plan or action plan. Key words:. Healthy China;healthy people;Health Promotion;national strategy;comparative study; America. 1 前言 随着经济和社会的发展、民众生活水平的提升以及全球“健康推进”计划的实施，健康已经成为人类社会共同关注的焦点，成为世界各国追求富强、文明的重要内容。2016年10月，我国年颁布了《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》，第一次把“健康中国”提升为国家战略，明确了建设“健康中国”的思路与任务。如何推进“健康中国”建设、提升国民健康水平，既需要我们以历时性的视角，总结梳理提升国民健康的有效路径、有力措施、有益经验，使之在建设“健康中国”中得以进一步的传承与创新；也需要我们以共时性的视角，考察世界其他国家提升国民健康的战略规划、实践策略，从中寻求经验和启示，为建设“健康中国”提供借鉴与参考。在制定和实施健康战略的诸多国家中，美国具有一定的代表性，从上世纪70年代末，美国以每10年为1个周期，已推出4代“国民健康”计划，取得了显著的社会效益，积累了丰富的实践经验。现基于《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》和《健康国民2020》文本，对两国健康战略进行比较研究，旨在为建设“健康中国”提供启示与借鉴。 2 中美两国健康战略的提出与实施背景 健康是人类的共同福祉。世界卫生组织（WHO）成立以来，一直致力于人类健康事业，特别是19