机理分析汽车悬架系统中铰接点载荷的计算方法.pdf

学兔兔 汽 车 工 程 2014年(第36卷)第2期 Automotive Engineering 2014(Vo1．36)No．2 2014043 汽车悬架系统中铰接点载荷的计算方法 上官文斌 ，代 林 ，林浩挺 ，俞 宏 (1．华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院，广州 510641；2．宁波拓普集团股份有限公司，宁波 315800) [摘要] 考虑衬套6个自由度的非线性刚度，建立了汽车悬架系统中各铰接点(球铰和衬套)载荷的计算模 型。基于悬架控制臂和转向节臂等力一位移静平衡方程，给出了悬架系统各铰接点力的计算公式。以某一汽车的双 横臂悬架系统为例，分别利用未考虑控制臂衬套、仅考虑控制臂衬套的线刚度和同时考虑衬套线刚度和扭转刚度(6 自由度的非线性刚度)的3种模型，计算了在汽车典型和极限载荷工况下悬架系统各铰接点的受力。计算结果表 明，在极限载荷工况下，考虑衬套6个自由度非线性刚度的模型能更准确地计算出各铰接点的力；计算得到的载荷 可用作悬架系统各元件强度计算、刚度计算和疲劳试验的载荷输入。 关键词：悬架系统；衬套；铰接点；载荷计算 A Calculation Method of the Loads in the Hinge Points of Vehicle Suspension System Shangguan Wenbin ，Dai Lin ，Lin Haoting Yu Hong 1．School ofMechanical and Automotive Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510641 2．Ningbo Tuopu Group Co．，Ltd．，Ningbo 315800 [Abstract] A calculation model for the loads in all hinge points(ball joint and bushing)of vehicle suspen— sion system is built with consideration of the nonlinear stiffness in six DOFs．The calculation formulae for the forces in all hinge points of suspension system are given based on the force—displacement static equilibrium equations of control arln and steering knuckle arn1．With the double—wishbone suspension system of a vehicle as example，three models are set up：one without consideration of control arnl bushing，another one with consideration of only the translational stiffness of bushing and third one with consideration of both translational and torsional stiffness(nonlin- ear stiffness in six DOFs)，and t