话筒与拾音（Microphone and pickup）.doc

话筒与拾音（Microphone and pickup） Microphone pickup 1 Electroacoustic equipment related to sound recording is mainly divided into four parts: pickup, tuning, recording and reproducing. Pickup is a major part of the microphone and ancillary equipment; tuning is a major part of the mixer and its ancillary equipment; the recording part is a tape recorder and tape, of course, may also be a hard disk recorder, computer audio workstation, DAT machine and so on; the playback part is the speaker. In the next chapter, we will learn in this order. The first thing to learn is the pickup part. Microphone A microphone is a transducer that converts sound and electricity into a electroacoustic component by means of sound waves to produce a voltage and then to electrical energy. So any kind of pickup device can be called a microphone. But usually were talking about microphones. 1. classification of microphones The microphone is usually classified according to the way it converts energy. Here we still press the studio to the most general classification of microphones, the microphone is divided into moving coil microphone and capacitor microphone. A microphone that produces electrical signals from conductors moving in a magnetic field. The vibrating coil drives the coil to vibrate so that the coil in the magnetic field senses the voltage. Capacitor microphone: a membrane electrode vibration this kind of microphone is capacitor, when the vibration of the vibrating diaphragm, diaphragm and a fixed distance between the plates after the change, produced a variable capacitance preamplifier the variable capacitance and the microphone itself brought together to produce a signal voltage. There is a preamplifier in the capacitor microphone, of course, there must be a power supply, because of the volume relationship, this power is generally placed outside the microphone. In addition to providing the polarization voltage of the capacitor diaphragm, the necessary voltage is supplied to the electron