防雷工程（Lightning protection engineering）.doc

防雷工程（Lightning protection engineering） Since the invention of lightning rod by Franklin in the early twentieth Century, the lightning protection technology has hardly been developed in the past 150 years. There are two reasons for this. One is that social production and life have not changed greatly. Lightning protection has been effectively carried out in building lightning protection, and no urgent new demand for lightning protection has been put forward. The other is that the theory of atmospheric electricity is rarely explored. It is impossible to guide the development of lightning protection technology. In the twentieth Century tough, the development of the telecommunications and power industry encountered lightning, so it began to appear in lightning protection engineering. Baer invented the telephone in 1876, the demand of the society, the rapid development of it, in 1880 the United States alone have 48000 phones, overhead wire appeared, it immediately becomes the building after the second lightning attacks an important object. In order to protect the safety of equipment and personnel phone, 1880s appeared second kinds of lightning protection device and guide apparatus, it is actually a spark gap, when the lightning hit overhead wire, high voltage wire on entering the room before conducting occurred spark breakdown, lightning current in short circuit. This is the original form of lightning arresters widely used today. The London 1887 financing million pound building power supply company, since the end of the nineteenth Century, the electric power industry decentralized management situation, the generator from the factories to a central power station, greatly reduce the cost of electricity, power transmission and substation is expanding quickly, at the same time more and more to improve the delivery of power voltage to reduce the transmission loss, such as over-voltage protection and lightning transmission network becomes very important issue for the power sec