生物.txt（Biological.Txt）.doc

生物.txt（Biological.Txt） 1, the structure hierarchy of life system is as follows: cell, organization, organ, system, individual, population, community, ecology system Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of organisms; the most basic living system on earth is the cell 2. Operation steps of optical microscope: observe the moving object of light low magnification lens Observation of high-power Objective: (1) only adjusting fine quasi focus spiral; adjusting large aperture and concave mirror * 3, prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell: there is no fundamental difference between nuclear bound nuclei Prokaryotic cells: no nuclear membrane, no chromosomes, such as Escherichia coli and other bacteria, cyanobacteria Eukaryotic cells: there are nuclear membranes, chromosomes, such as yeast, various animals Note: the virus has no cell structure but has DNA or RNA 4 cyanobacteria are prokaryotes and autotrophic organisms 5. The integrity of eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is manifested in the membrane and cytoplasm of the two 6. The establishment of cell theory is the establishment of cell theory, which reveals the unity of the cell and the structure of the organism One sex. The establishment of cell theory is a process of exploring, inheriting, correcting and developing in scientific inquiry Intriguing twists and turns 7, the composition of cells (biological) and inorganic chemical elements in nature are roughly the same, the content is different By 8, the element composition of cell A large number of non Prime: C, H, O, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg II. Trace elements: Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Mo, Cu Main elements: C, H, O, N, P, S Basic elements: C The content of cell dry weight is the most, the element is C, the fresh weight contains the most element is O * 9, biological (such as the desert cactus) fresh weight, content of most compounds are water, dry up in compound content of protein. By 10, (1) reducing sugar (glucose, fructose, maltose) can react with Fehling reagent to for