专四真题常考语法进行总结.doc

比较结构comparative Construction英语中比较结构最主要有三种as…as… 结构more…than… 结构the most…结构 as…as…结构基本模式as+adj/adv 原级as…否定形式 not as/so+adj/adv 原级as… 也可用less…than… E.g John is as bright as Bob.否定John is not as bright as Bob. John is less bright than Bob. 用法1.主语不同比较项目相同。This parcel is as heavy as that one. 2.主语相同比较项目不同。The girl was as brilliant as she was beautiful.这姑娘既漂亮又聪明。 3.主语和比较项目都不同。The swimming pool isn’t twice as wide as that one is long.倍数as adj/adv as.另一种模式as much/many n as…否定形式not as/so much/many n as… He took as much butter as he need. He didn’t take as/so much butter as he needed.2 She has written as many essays as her brother does. She hasn’t written as many essays as her brother does. 变体形式as adj原级名词词组 as… 注意下列句子的语序 A. George is as efficient a worker as Jack.名词的意义受到强调or George is a worker who is as efficient as Jack. 形容词的意义受到强调 B. I don’t want as expensive a car asthis. 2. more …than…结构 用法： 1.用于在两个人或物之间作同一方面的比较。The concert was more enjoyable than lecture. 2.用于同一个人或物的本身作不同方面的比较。The present crisis is much more a political than an economic crisis. 当前的危机与其说是经济危机不如说是政治危机。此用法也可用于less…than…结构但得出相反的含义。The present crisis is much less a political than an economic crisis.当前的危机与其说是政治危机不如说是经济危机。 3.theadj/adv最高级比较范围比较级形式表示最高级意义时比较对象的范围应用any other 单数名词the other 复数名词the others anyone/anything else上述词是用来将比较级结构转变成最高级意义的关键词语切不可遗漏否则会造成逻辑混乱的错误。 ※补充说明1 not so…as not so much …as London isn’t so big as Tokyo.伦敦没有东京大。It wasn’t so much his appearance I liked as his personality.与其说我喜欢他的外表不如说我喜欢他的为人。前一例相当于一般的比较结构后一例相当于less…than 的含义。 not so much as是一个专四常考结构。 真题举例 1. It is no so much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.99.45/07.57 2. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness so much as by his lack of talent.04.42 not more/-er than 与no more/-er thanJohn is not better than Tom. 否定前者肯定后者John is nobetter than Tom.对前后者都否定 真题举例Over population pose a terrible threat to human race. Yet it is probably not more a threat than environmen