ch5增译与省译幻灯片.ppt

班门弄斧 show off one’s proficiency with axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter ? 三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮 The wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang the master mind. 2 省略译法 （Proper Omission in Translation） 减词译法又叫省略译法，在翻译过程中，在保证译文与原文思想内容完全一致的前提下，作为一种修辞手法，译者应在字面上作一点调整，删去一些可有可无的，累赘不需要的词、词组、以及句子，否则将影响译文的表达效果。 省略译法 1 冠词的省译 2 代词的省译 3 名词的省译 4 动词或系动词的省译 5 介词的省译 6 连词的省译 7 短语或句子的省译 不定冠词 (a/an) 最基本的意义是“一”，表示数字概念时，不能省略，但用于引伸意义表示类别，或用在固定短语中，可省略不译。定冠词 (the) 用在表示方位的名词前，或形容词（形容词最高级）、专有名词之前，特别是用在固定短语或词组中时，常常省略不译。 例1：A square has four angles (sides). 【译文】正方形有四个角（边）。 例2：A dictionary is a good teacher. 【译文】辞典是良师。 冠词的省译 人称代词“we, you”，及不定代词“one，ones”在句中含有泛指的意思时，常可省略不译；it在句中（引导主语、宾语、或强调句中）作为引导词时，没有实际意义，可省译；作宾语或同位语用的反身代词，常可省略不译；作定语用的物主代词，常可省略不译，这样其关系更为明确一些。 代词的省译 例1：One must have studied hard before one could succeed in mastering a foreign language. 【译文】必须勤学苦练, 才能精通一门外语。 例2：He covered his face with his hand as if to protect his eyes. 【译文】他用手蒙住脸，好像去保护眼睛。 例3：Order is order, we cannot complain, we cannot bargain, we cannot question and we cannot suggest changes. 【译文】命令就是命令，不得抱怨，不得讨价还价，不得质疑，也不得建议修改。 例1：John got up very early in the morning. He put on his jacket, his trousers and his shoes, sat down at his desk and began to do his homework. 【译文】清晨约翰起得很早。他穿上夹克、裤子和鞋子，就坐在书桌旁开始做作业。 【解析】这里共用了五个单三物主人称代词“his”，全都省去不译，反倒使译文更加自然通顺。句中还省去了介词“in, at”和第二个连词“and”。 补充例句 例2： I hate the three rules in discipline in my class. One is that a person who is late for class will be fined two yuan. The other is that a person who doesn’t hand in his homework in time will be fined three yuan. The third is that one who is absent for class will be fined ten yuan. 补充例句 【译文】我讨厌班上所制订的三条制度，一条是上课迟到者罚款2元，一条是不及时交作业者罚款3元，一条是旷课者罚款10元。 【续】 For one thing, I am not so diligent, so I often get up late and am late for class. For the other, it seems that I have a bad memory as I often forget when to hand in my homework. For the third rule, I am afraid that I can’t afford it any more. I am a