(教师用)专题9动词时态语态.doc

专题九 动词时态语态 考点一、一般现在时 1．表述客观真理和客观存在及自然现象；表示习惯性、经常性的动作，或经常存在的状态。常见的时间状语有：often，usually，always，sometimes，now and then等。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，从西边落下。 My parents live in Hong Kong.They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. 我的父母住在香港。他们在那里出生而且从未在别的地方生活过。 2．可用在由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由even if/though引导的让步状语从句；由when，before，until/till，as soon as，the moment引导的时间状语从句；由no matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever，whoever 等引导的让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。 My parents have promised to come to see me before I leave for Africa. 我父母已经答应在我去非洲之前来看我。 Whatever you say，I will not change my mind. 无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。 考点二、一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示)；用于表示过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。 —Ive got to go now. ——现在我必须走了。 —Must you？I thought you could stay for dinner with us. ——你必须走吗？我认为你要留下来和我们一起吃饭。 Excuse me，I didnt realize I was blocking your way. 抱歉，我不知道挡了你的路。 The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973. 该书自从1973年上市以来已被译成三十种语言。 考点三、现在完成时 1．在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。 —When shall we restart our business？ ——我们何时恢复我们的业务？ —Not until we have finished our plan ——直到我们完成计划。 I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes. 除非我亲眼看到，我是不会相信你的。 2．现在完成时除可以和for 或since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during/in/over the last(past)few years(months，weeks)，in recent years 等。 下列句型中常用现在完成时： It is(has been)＋一段时间＋since从句 This(That/It)is the first(second...)time that＋完成时 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. 这是我们全家第一次到电影院去看电影。 For many years，people have dreamed of electric cars.However，making them has been more difficult than predicted. 多年以来，人们都梦想着电力汽车的出现。但是，制造电力汽车比预想的要难的多。 考点四、过去完成时 1．表示“一……就……”的几个固定句型：Hardly/No sooner/Scarcely had＋主语＋过去分词＋when/than/before＋从句(一般过去时)。 Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down. 我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。 2．by，by the end，by the time，until，before，since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句，主句用过去完成时。 By the end of last year，another new cinema had been built in