四轮转向电动汽车车架的设计与有限元分析及概要.pdf

学兔兔 汽车实用技术 2014年第10期 设计研究 AIJTOMOBILE APPLIED TECHNOLOGY 2014 NO．10 四轮转向电动汽车车架的设计与有限元分析 刘贺，董皓，张君安 (西安工业大学机电学院，陕西 西安 710021) 摘 要：现有电动汽车底盘普遍为在传统汽车的基础上进行的改进，不能很好的适应电动汽车特有的结构，为更好 的实现四轮转向的功能，重新设计了适合四轮转向电动汽车的车架。应用三维软件SolidWorks，通过整车虚拟装配 确定了合理的四轮转向电动汽车的车架结构，进而建立了车架的三维模型。运用有限元分析理论，将模型导入Ansys Workbench软件后，建立了车架的有限元模型，对车架在弯曲和扭转工况下的静态结构性能进行了分析，得出相应 工况下的应力和应变大小；还进行了模态分析，避免了共振。在满足强度和刚度的条件下对车架结构进行了改进， 并通过焊接加工得到了适合四轮转向电动汽车的车架，对以后电动汽车底盘的改进设计提供了参考。 关键词：四轮转向电动汽车车架；SolidWorks；有限元分析；Ansys Workbench；焊接加工 中图分类号：U462．2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1 671—7988(201 4)1 0—40—04 Designing and finite element analysis of four wheel steering electric vehicle Liu He，Dong Hao，Zhang Jun’an (College ofMechanical and Electrical Engineering，Xi’an Technological University,Shaanxi Xi’an 710021) Abstract：The exi~ing electric vehicle’S chassis is generally improved on the basis of traditional automobiles，which Can’t adapt to the special structure of electric vehicles，for the better realization ofthe four wheel s~efing function，redesigned the frame for four wheel~eering electric vehicle．Using the three-dimensional software SolidWorks identified the four-wheel ~eering electric vehicle’S reasonable frame structure throu曲virtual assembly,thereby established a three-dimensional model ofthe flame．Then the model was imported into Ansys Workbench software，established the finite element model of the frame by the theory of finite element analysis，the frame’S static structure properties were analyzed to get the stress and strain under the corresponding condition ofbending and torsion；also carried on the modal analysis to avoid the resonance