秦皇岛大气污染特征和气象因素相关性分析.doc

.毕业论文中文摘要 采暖期与非采暖期秦皇岛市大气颗粒物 污染特征及与气象因素相关性分析 摘要：对秦皇岛市点位PM2.5和PM10进行了为期两个月的采样（采暖期一个月，非采暖期一个月），初步研究了秦皇岛市采暖期与非采暖期PM2.5和PM10的污染特征以及采暖期PM2.5质量浓度与气象因素的关系。研究结果如下：采暖期PM2.5的平均浓度明显高于非采暖期，约为非采暖期的1.13倍，采暖期PM2.5在PM10中比重也高于非采暖期PM2.5在PM10中的比重。 秦皇岛市PM10的污染较为严重，采暖期与非采暖期的日均值均相对于国家二级标准（150μg/m3分别超标12.7%和14.0%。采暖期与非采暖期PM2.5、PM10的日变化曲线均呈现“倒S”的变化趋势（即早晚各有峰值）。PM2.5质量浓度受多种气象因素的影响，其中与日平均相对湿度、蒸发量具有相关性关系。 关键词：秦皇岛市；采暖期；非采暖期；大气颗粒物；污染特征；气象因素 毕业论文英文摘要 Analysis on association between characteristic pollution of atmosphere particles in Heating season and Non-Heating season and meteorological factors in Qinhuangdao Abstract: In this paper, a monitoring of PM2.5 and PM10in two month（Heating season is one month ; Non-Heating season is one month） is given to show the changes in characteristic pollution of PM2.5and PM10 in heating season and non-heating season, and association between heating season’s PM2.5 and meteorological factors in Qinhuangdao. The results show that the average level of PM2.5 in heating season obviously higher, almost 1.13 times than in non-heating season. Moreover, the share of PM2.5 in PM10 during the heating season also higher than the non-heating season. Qinhuangdao has severe PM10 pollution. Daily average PM10 exceed the Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standard of China 12.7% and 14.0% in heating season and non-heating season. The diurnal variations show an inverted“ S-curve” between PM2.5 and PM10 in heating season and non-heating season. (Show peak in morning and evening) PM2.5 influenced by various meteorological factors, and has show a good correlation of diurnal average relative humidity and evaporation capacity. Keywords: Qinhuangdao ; Heating season; Non-Heating season; atmosphere particles ;pollution characteristic; Meteorological factors 绪论 国际上把粒径小于10μm的颗粒物称为可吸入颗粒物，该粒径范围的颗粒物具有很大的比表面积，它们可以吸附大量的可溶性有机物，特别是那些易致突变致癌的物质。一旦这些颗粒物通过呼吸道进入人体，长久累积下来，便会产生遗传毒理作用，进而危害机体。国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）的肺动力特性试验组研究报告提出：5～30μm粒径的颗粒物会沉积在鼻咽部和支气管上部；1～5μm粒径