山玉兰花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长特性的研究-广西植物.DOC

山玉兰花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长特性的研究 李佛莲1, 2，徐海燕2，龚洵2，王仕玉1* (1 云南农业大学 园林园艺学院， 昆明 650201；2 中国科学院昆明植物研究所，昆明 650201） 摘要：山玉兰（Magnolia delavayi）是木兰科木兰属的常绿乔木或大型灌木，分布于云南、四川和贵州的西南部，是重要的园林造景、庭院绿化素材，也是重要的育种资源。山玉兰花粉的研究对其杂交育种的成败有着重要的影响，目前未见其花粉活力的相关报道。本研究以新鲜的山玉兰花粉为研究对象，采用悬滴培养法研究了温度、光照以及培养液的蔗糖和硼酸浓度对山玉兰花粉萌发的影响，试图探索山玉兰花粉离体萌发的最佳条件。结果表明：（1）最适宜山玉兰花粉萌发的温度为27 ℃。（2）光暗条件中山玉兰花粉以浓度为5%的蔗糖培养效果最佳，其萌发率达16%以上；而硼酸浓度则以0.001%的培养效果最佳。（3）蔗糖与硼酸共同作用可有效促进花粉萌发和花粉管生长。其中，光照条件下，以5.0%蔗糖 + 0.001%硼酸为最适宜的培养液，花粉萌发率达41.27%，花粉管长达281.49 μm；而在黑暗条件下，则以5.0%蔗糖 + 0.01%硼酸为最适宜的培养液，花粉萌发率达45.71%，花粉管长达254.00 μm。该研究结果为进一步开展人工辅助授粉、发掘山玉兰的种质资源工作奠定基础。 关键词：山玉兰，悬滴法，花粉萌发，花粉管生长 DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201602004 Characteristics of pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Magnolia delavayi LI Fo-Lian1, 2 , XU Hai-Yan2, GONG Xun2 , WANG Shi-Yu1* (1 College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;2 Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China) Abstract: Magnolia delavayi (Magnoliaceae, Magnolia) distributed in Yunnan, southwestern Sichuan and Guizhou. As an evergreen arbor or large shrub plant, M. delavayi plays a significant role in garden landscaping and courtyard greening, and is also an important breeding resource. The present study was the first report about the pollen germination of M. delavayi, which is the key to the success of the hybrid breeding. To investigate the optimal cultured conditions of pollen germination and pollen tube growth of M. delavayi, the hanging drop method were used to culture fresh pollen grains of M. delavayi in liquid culture mediums with different concentrations of sucrose, boric acid under distinct temperature and lightness gradients. The results were as follows: (1) The most suitable temperature of M. delavayi was 27 ?C. (2) The best effect on sugar culture for pollen grains of M. delavayi was 5% concentration, the pollen germination rate of more than 16%, and the best concentration of boric acid was 0.001% under light and