高海拔高寒区冻土隧道洞内施工环境控制技术.pdf

第 27 卷第 12 期 岩 土 力 学 Vol.27 No.12 2006 年 12 月 Rock and Soil Mechanics Dec. 2006 文章编号：1000－7598 －(2006) 12 ―2177 ―04 高海拔、高寒区、冻土隧道洞内施工环境控制技术 朱永全，贾晓云，张雪雁 （石家庄铁道学院土木工程分院，石家庄 050043 ） 摘 要：青藏高原腹地的青藏铁路风火山和昆仑山隧道，近 5 000 m 海拔的高原缺氧和严寒恶劣气候，以及多年冻土不良地 质，使施工作业人员生命与健康、冻土保护和隧道质量问题严重。通过创建洞内施工环境流体温度场和冻土围岩温度场理论 和温度场计算模拟，研制和使用施工通风与供暖一体化机组、制氧与供氧系统、监测与控制系统，实现了洞内气温、空气质 量的全面控制，为两隧道的顺利建设提供了重要的技术保障和合适的工作条件。 关 键 词：冻土；温度场；通风与供暖；制氧与供氧；监测；环境控制 中图分类号：U 455 文献标识码：A Circumstances controlling technology of high altitude tunnel during construction in permafrost regions ZHU Yong-quan, JIA Xiao-yun, ZHANG Xue-yan (School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Railway Institute, Shijiazhuang 050043, China) Abstract: Fenghuoshan and Kunlunshan Tunnels lie in hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, of which the altitude is about 5 000 m. The problems of the life and health of workers , the protection of permafrost and the quality of tunnel become very severity because of lack of oxygen, coldness and bad geological condition in permafrost regions. The governing differential equations of construction circumstances temperature field and the surrounding-rock temperature field are established. The simulation of temperature field, the development and application of the construction ventilation and heating unit, the system of making and supplying oxygen, and the system of monitoring and controlling made the general controlling of air temperature and air quality become realism; it can provide important technology guarantee and appropriate working condition. Key words: permafrost; temperature field; ventilation and heating; making a