华东理工分析.ppt

End Determining the best sites for plant location; Routing tankers for the distribution of crude and refined products; Sizing and layout of a pipeline; Designing equipment and an entire plant; Scheduling maintenance（维修、保养） and equipment replacement; Operating equipment, such as tubular reactors, columns, and absorbers; Typical projects for opt. Evaluating plant data to construct a model of a process; Minimizing inventory charges（降低库存费用）; Allocating resources or services among several process; Planning and scheduling construction. Example of optimization Insulation design (保温设计) Cost of insulation Cost of lost energy Minimum Annual cost Total cost curve Cost ($/year) Insulation thickness Example1.1 Optimal operation conditions of a boiler Example1.2 $/time Reflux or heat duty Region of feasible operation Value of product Cost of heat (high fuel cost) Cost of heat (low fuel cost) R1 R2 Optimal profit Optimal profit Constrain Constrain Example1.3 Optimization distillation reflux $/time Reflux or heat duty Region of feasible operation Total profit, low fuel R1 R2 Optimum Optimum Constrain Constrain Total profit, high fuel Example1.3 Example1.4 Multiplant product distribution A single product (Y) manufactured at several plant locations. The product needs to be delivered to several customers located at various distances from each plant. Question: How can you arrange the production at various plants? How many factors should we think about? Example1.4 How much Y must be produced at each of m plants (Y1,Y2,Y3,Y4,……Ym)?; How should Ym be allocated to each of n demand point? Transportation Production cost versus capacity curves for each plant (old plant inefficient, new plant more efficient) The essential features of Opt. problem Every optimization problem contains three essential categories: At least one objective function to be optimized; Equality constrains (equations); Inequality constraints (inequatilitis). Linear equality constraint Nonlinear inequality constraint