常见词缀根表(按含义归类).doc

常见词缀词根表 常见的前缀 1.表示否定意义的前缀 1) 纯否定前缀 a-, an-, ab- asymmetry, anhydrous, abnormal dis- disinterested, dishonest, dislike, disability in-, ig-, il, im, ir inconsistent, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular, illegal ne-, n-, non- none, neither, never, nonsense, nobody, nowhere neg- neglect, negate, negligence un- unable, unemploy, unqualified 2)表示错误的意义 male-, mal- malfunction, maladjustment, maladminister, maladroit, malaise mis- mistake, mislead, misapprehend, misarrange, misbehave pseudo- pseudonym, pseudoscience, pseudocode 3)表示反动作的意思 de- defend, demodulation, deconstruction, decontrol dis- disarm, disconnect, disable, disaccord, disagree un- unload, uncover, unacknowledged, unbalanced 4)表示相反，相互对立意思 anti-, ant- antiknock, anti-imperialism, antibiosis contra-, contre-, contro- contradiction, contraceptive , controflow, contraclockwise counter counter-reaction, counterbalance, counter-revolutionary ob-, oc-, of-, op- object, oppose, occupy, opposite with- withdraw, withstand, withhold, without 2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀 a- 表示“在……之上”，“向……” aboard, aside, ahead, abroad by- 表示“附近，邻近，边侧” bypath, bypass circum-, circu-, 表示“周围，环绕，回转” circumstance, circuit, circumcircle, circumference, circumfluence de-, 表示“在下，向下” descend, degrade, decline en-, 表示“在内，进入” encage, enbed ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部，外” exit, eclipse, expand, export, exotic, exterior, external extra-, 表示“额外” extraction, extraordinary, extraterrestrial, extravagant fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foreground, forerunner, foreshadow, foresight in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内，在内，背于” inland, invade, inside, import , include, internal, interior, impart inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间，相互” international, interaction, internet, interact, interastral intro-, 表示“向内，在内，内侧” introduce, introspection, intromission medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中，中间” Mediterranean, mid-position, mid-ocean, mid-life, mid-term out-, 表示“在上面，在外部，在外” outline, outside, outward, outlook, outward over-, 表示“在上面，在外部，向上” overlook, overhead