unit1 art-虚拟语气.ppt

虚拟语气应用于条件状语从句中，虚拟条件句以及主句谓语动词的构成形式如下表： 主句中的should常用于第一人称，would可用于任何人称，同时也可以根据意思用情态动词could，might。 1．与现在事实相反 If I were you，I wouldnt do it. 如果我是你，我就不去做这件事。 If you hurried，you would catch the bus. 你要是赶快，你是会搭上车的。(可你是这样慢吞吞的。) If he were here，everything would be all right. 要是他在这儿，一切都没问题了。 2．与过去事实相反 If you had got up earlier，you would have caught the train. 如果你早点儿起来，你就会赶上火车了。 If I had been there，I would have helped her. 如果我那时在那儿，我就帮助她了。 If I hadnt taken your advice，I would have made a big mistake. 我要不是听了你的劝告，就会犯大错误。 3．与将来事实相反 If it rained tomorrow，we should stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。(最近天气好，下雨的可能性不大。) If he should come，I could have a talk with him. 如果他来，我就能跟他谈谈。 If I were to do it，I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这件事，我会用另一种方法。 4．省略if的虚拟条件从句 如果条件状语从句的谓语动词有were，had或should，可以把if省去，而把were，had或should移到主语前面，以倒装形式表示虚拟条件。例如： Were I you，I would do the same. 如果我是你，我也会这样做。(＝If I were you) Had you come yesterday，you would have met him. 如果你昨天来，你就见到他了。(＝If you had come yesterday) Should there be a flood，what should we do？万一发生洪水，我们怎么办？(＝If there should be a flood) Were he to come，I might go with him. 他若是来，我就可能跟他去。(＝If he were to come) ①(天津)This printer is of good quality. If it ________ break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense. A．would　　　　　　　　B．should C．could D．might ⑤(2008·安徽皖南八校联考)________ it ________ to rain tomorrow，the sports meet would be put off until the same time next week. A．Should; / B．If; should C．Were; / D．If; was going 5．错综时间条件句 当条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致的时候(如一个发生在过去，一个发生在现在)，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如： If he had listened to me at that time，he would not be in trouble now. 如果他当时听了我的话，现在就不会遇到麻烦了。 If the weather had been more favorable，the crops would be growing still better. 如果过去天气好一些，现在庄稼还会长得更好。 ⑩(南昌调研)If you ________ that film late last night，you wouldnt be so sleepy. A．didnt see B．havent seen C．wouldnt have seen D．hadnt seen 6．含蓄条件句 表示现在或将来的情况，谓语动词用“would(或其他情态动词)＋动词原形”；表示过去的情况，谓语动词用“would(或其他情况动词)＋have done”。例如： 英语中有些①介词短语