2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析4.docx

2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析4　　难句分析：　　难句1 No clearcut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word ‘amateur’ does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific commUnity and, in Particular, may not fully share its values.　　［分析］第一个句子的主干是“No... distinction can be drawn between...”，冒号后面的内容是进一步说明前面的观点。在第二个句子中，一上来就有一个转折词nevertheless，表示语意的转折，其主句是“the word ‘amateur’ does carry a connotation...”，后面有一个同位语从句，里面有两个并列谓语。　　［译文］在科学领域内，专业与业余之间没有绝对的区分：任何规则都有其例外。但是“业余”这个词的确包含这样的意义，那就是所指的那个人没有完全融入某个科学家群体，具体地说，他可能并不完全认同这个群体的价值观。　　难句2 The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology/kcnet1480/ in the United Kingdom.　　［分析］此句中两个分句有同一个主语，即the trend，两个谓语为was obvious和can be illustrated。前一个分句中based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training修饰areas of science。　　［译文］特别是在以数学和实验室训练为基础的科学领域，这种倾向自然尤为明显，这可以通过英国的地质学发展过程得到证实。　　难句3 A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.　　［分析］此句的主语是a comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half（中心词为a comparison），谓语是reveals，宾语主体结构是not simply... but also...所连接的两个并列宾语，注意宾语emphasis和definition前都有分词来修饰。　　［译文］对过去一个半世纪的英国地质出版物进行比较，我们不但发现人们对研究的重视程度在不断增加，而且学术论文的出版标准也在不断变化。　　难句4 The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological/kcnet1480/ journals in the twentieth century.　　［分析］此句主干是“The... result has been to do sth.”。注意逗号后面只是一个名词性的短语，其核心词是a result，可以被看成是前面句子主语的同位语，在其内部主要是一个长的定语从