中石油职称英语课文讲稿第课27.docVIP

28. The Energy Crisis[危机] of 1973 and Nixons Energy Policies. 1973年能源危机与尼克松总统的应对政策、 　　1. The energy crisis of 1973 underscored[(underscore):强调] the necessity[n.必要性] Of developing a coordinated[(coordinate):协调的] national energy policy and concentrating[(concentrate):v集中] the governments various energy programs into one agency[n.机构]. On April 18, 1973, six months before renewed[(renew):v.重新开始] conflict[n.冲突] in the Middle East, President Nixon noted that the United States, with 6 percent of the worlds population, consumed one-third of the worlds energy. In the immediate future, the president predicted[(predict):v.预言], the United States might face energy shortages[(shortage):n.缺乏,不足] and increased prices. Again, as in 1971, Nixon cautioned[(caution):n.提醒] that Americas energy challenge could become an energy crisis if current trends continued unchecked[a.未加抑制的 ]. Declaring[(declare):vt.断言] that the Nations energy demands had grown so rapidly that they now outstripped[(outstrip):v.超过] available supplies, the President amended[(amend):vt.修改] his 1971 proposal for a cabinet[n.内阁] department by requesting[(request):n.请求，要求] Congress[议会] to establish a department of energy and natural resources with responsibility[职责] for energy policy and management as well as research and development. Meanwhile, Nixon established the Special Energy Committee[n.委员会] of senior[adj.高级的] White House advisors[(advisor):n.顾问], including special assistants for domestic[a.国内的], foreign, and economic affairs, and the National Energy Office, headed by Charles J. DiBona, to identify[发现] issues[问题] and coordinate[v.协调] energy analysis[分析] between the various offices[部门] and agencies[(agency):n.机构]. 1、1973年的能源危机突出地表明，制定一个协调的国家能源政策以及将政府各个能源项目集中在同一部门是极为必要的。1973年4月18日，在中东冲突卷土重来的前六个月，尼克松总统指出：占世界人口百分之六的美国消耗了地球上三分之一的能源。他预言，在不久的将来，美国将面临能源短缺及其价格的飙升。尼克松再次如1971年那样，提出警告说，如果目前的趋势得不到控制，美国所面临的难题将会演变成能源危机。他断言，国家的能源需求增长过速，目前已超过了供给能力，于是尼克松总统修改了1971年对内阁的建议，请求议会建立一个能源与自然资源部门，专门负责能源的政策和管理，及其研究与开发。与此同时，尼克松还设立了一个由白宫高级顾问组