儿童电视接受心理分析——以儿童剧为例论文.doc

摘  要  电视具有便捷性和普及性，对儿童的影响不亚于家庭和学校教育的作用，特 别是对儿童的生活和心理影响更为突出。儿童剧，作为电视剧中较为特殊的艺术 作品类别，其影响力也随之增强，然而，儿童剧这种与儿童生活密切相关，并有 重要影响的剧种却长久地处于“边缘化”地位。目前，国产儿童剧存在着优秀儿 童剧少、说教性强、趣味性不足等问题。 儿童剧，其研究重心也与其他电视节目研究的重心趋势一致，即从以研究编 导、作品为主逐步转向以研究受众为主。从某种意义上讲，研究儿童剧的电视接 受心理更为重要，也较为复杂。儿童剧与儿童之间是一种相互作用的复杂关系。 一方面，作为审美客体的儿童剧总是通过特定的故事情节、人物形象和艺术手法， 引导着儿童向作品所规定的艺术境界运动。另一方面，作为审美主体的儿童也并 不是被动和消极地静观，他们在收视过程中有着主动、积极、复杂的心理活动。 因此，只有客观地深入地研究探索儿童电视接受心理的诸多因素，才能促进收视 过程中主体与客体的相对统一，以满足主体的需要和实现客体的价值。所以，应 重视研究儿童电视接受心理，考虑儿童的接受心理和认知能力，选择儿童可以理 解的内容和适宜难度，创作符合儿童电视接受心理的儿童剧是创作过程的首要问 题。 从儿童的收视需求、认知特征等方面入手，通过分析中外优秀国产儿童剧的 实例，围绕儿童电视接受心理这一中心问题，旨在考察儿童剧中儿童电视接受心 理的特点和规律，提出国产儿童剧创作的原则和策略。儿童电视接受心理，作为 受众研究的一个重要组成部分，作为受众心理学的一个重要话题，应受到学术界 的重视，因为它决定了儿童剧的发展，儿童剧的成长。 关键词：儿童电视；接受心理；儿童剧 I Abstract Television is convenient and popular, the influence of which is no less than that of family and school. What’s more, the influence on children’s lives, cognition, and psychology is salient. The influence of children’s play which is regarded as a special artistic type among teleplay is gradually growing. However, Children’s play which is closely related with children’s lives and influences them greatly has long been in fringe field. Nowadays, there are some problems with domestic children’s play. That is, it is hard to find excellent ones; and it is full of preaching and lacks of interest. The main object of the research of children’s play, whose emphasis is consistent with the trends of other TV programs, is turning around from editing and its production to investigating the audiences. In some extent, the study of television receiving psychology of children’s play is more important and more complex. Children’s play and children has a complex and interactional relationship. On the one hand, when children’s play is regarded as the object of aesthete, it leads the young ones to art bourn prescribed by the works in ways of specific plot, figural image and artistic techniques. On the other hand, children are not in a passive, negative and static state when