a “shallow phylogeny” of shallow barnacles (chthamalus)u201c浅发展史u201d浅藤壶(chthamalus).pdfVIP

A ‘‘Shallow Phylogeny’’ of Shallow Barnacles (Chthamalus) 1 1,2 3 ´ 4 5 John P. Wares *, M. Sabrina Pankey , Fabio Pitombo , Liza Gomez Daglio , Yair Achituv 1 Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, 2 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of ´ California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America, 3 Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 4 School of Natural Science, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America, 5 The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel Abstract Background: We present a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of the shallow water (high intertidal) barnacle genus Chthamalus, focusing on member species in the western hemisphere. Understanding the phylogeny of this group improves interpretation of classical ecological work on competition, distributional changes associated with climate change, and the morphological evolution of complex cirripede phenotypes. Methodology and Findings: We use traditional and Bayesian phylogenetic and ‘deep coalescent’ approaches to identify a phylogeny that supports the monophyly of the mostly American ‘fissus group’ of Chthamalus, but that also supports a need for taxonomic revision of Chthamalus and Microeuraphia. Two deep phylogeographic breaks were also found within the range of two tropical American taxa (C. angu